00:00 Carbon capture and storage is a way of reducing industrial greenhouse gas emissions.
00:07 It involves recovering the carbon gas at its source and holding it in underground reserves.
00:19 First the carbon dioxide is separated from the smoke or combustion fumes.
00:24 Industrial emissions comprise up to 15% CO2.
00:27 The rest is mainly water vapour and nitrogen.
00:30 Separating the gases is costly, accounting for about two-thirds of the overall capture
00:33 and storage process costs.
00:36 Capture techniques are constantly evolving.
00:38 Extracting the CO2 post-combustion is a well-mastered method, but it's relatively energy-intensive.
00:44 Another possibility is removing the CO2 before the fuel is burnt.
00:48 Development of this process is ongoing.
00:51 Once separated, the CO2 is compressed and transported by pipeline, boat or tanker to
00:57 underground or deep-sea storage facilities.
01:01 It's injected far underneath gas-tight layers of rock and stored under pressure until it
01:05 reaches a near-liquid state.
01:07 Suitable storage sites include end-of-life oil and gas fields or extremely deep layers
01:12 of porous rock impregnated with salt water.
01:14 [ Silence ]
