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00:07Hello, brother, hello, sister. Welcome back to the study of the Gospel of Matthew.
00:14from the Synoptic Gospels course. In this class, we will continue talking about the Sermon on the
00:22Mount. And we will touch on the subject of how Jesus fulfills the law. In chapter 5 of
00:32In verse 17 and following, Jesus explains his position regarding the law, clarifying that he has not come
00:41He did not abolish the law or the prophets, but came to fulfill them and bring them to pass.
00:50to its fullness. Let us remember that there were approximately 613 precepts to which great importance was given.
01:00especially to the precepts of purity and the ritual precepts. These were not to be put
01:08above the truly important commandments, such as love of God, charity
01:17to the needy. That is why the Lord rebuked them for clinging to the letter of the law.
01:24of the law, but not to charity, that is, to love which is the basis of all precepts.
01:33Jesus perfects the law with divine authority, revealing what is implicit in its content.
01:42Although men had not grasped its true depth. That is why, once
01:51Having clarified the law in general terms, Jesus explains this to them. How does he do it? Through six antitheses.
02:00which seem to refer to the last 5 commandments of the Decalogue. Although they are generally called
02:10antithesis, perhaps it would be more appropriate, says Picasso, to call it synthesis, because in reality
02:19They do not contradict the previous law, but rather take it to a deeper level. In chapter 5 of
02:29In verses 21 to 47, Jesus presents a series of teachings marked by a formula.
02:37You have heard that it was said, but I tell you.
02:42With these words, delve deeper into the true meaning of the law, demonstrating that, instead
02:50to be lived in its fullness as it was originally conceived, that is, in service to being
02:58human, had been reduced to a legalistic formalism.
03:05Here we will see a Jesus who is no longer a mediator in the likeness of Moses, but now we will see him
03:14as a legislator in the image of God. And the meaning of the law, which was not revealed in the times of
03:24Moses was revealed in the time of Jesus. The novelty that Jesus brings consists essentially
03:32in which He Himself fills the commandments with the love of God, driven by the power of
03:41Holy Spirit who dwells in Him. We, through our faith in Christ, also
03:49We can open ourselves to the action of the Holy Spirit, who empowers us to live divine love
03:57in our lives and fulfill the law according to God's true will. Something we should always do.
04:06What we must remember is that God gave us the law to guide us in faithfulness to Him, so that we may
04:13Experience the joys of the kingdom of heaven now and attain eternal life together
04:21To Him. The six antitheses that Jesus speaks to us about in this gospel are about not killing
04:30And it includes anger against a brother, adultery, divorce, oaths, and the law.
04:41The law of retaliation and an attitude of hatred and offense, and ultimately, loving both friends and enemies. What do you think if we begin?
04:53So, are we talking about each of these six? The first one is "Thou shalt not kill," and I told you it's included.
05:03in it
05:04anger against one's brother. Jesus begins by speaking about how anger is the root of murder, as he said
05:14We saw in the story of Cain and Abel, which is narrated in Genesis chapter 4, that anger is the point.
05:22starting point
05:23for murderous violence. That is why Jesus invites us to overcome the anger that arises from rejecting our neighbor.
05:33which is fueled by envy, resentment, or jealousy. Instead, it calls us to convert
05:42our relationships in a true encounter with our brother. Jesus replaces the old Cainism based
05:52in that anger I mentioned to you regarding the statement we find in Matthew chapter 23 verse 8. All
06:01You are brothers. These words invite us to reflect on how often, like Cain, anger leads us astray.
06:13It has led to the killing of our brothers. Perhaps not physically, but through our words.
06:21When we allow anger to be expressed verbally, we despise the other person, we belittle them,
06:28We diminish its value, we discredit it. In other words, we deny its dignity. That is why Jesus puts
06:37Reconciliation with one's brother takes precedence over offerings on the altar. It's not that I reject the
06:45offerings, but subordinates it to justice. Above all, before presenting anything to God, we must
06:55to reconcile with those who have something against us. In other words, the gift we offer in the
07:04The temple should be at the service of reconciliation between people. Before moving on to the next
07:13Antithesis, I want to tell you something, brother. Go read each one of these, because I'm not going to read them so as not to
07:23I don't want to make this lesson too long, but so that you can get the most out of it and understand what I'm telling you.
07:31explaining. So now go and read this chapter 5, but from verse 27 to 32, where these are included,
07:42Well,
07:43Not one, but two antitheses that speak to us about adultery and divorce. In them, which also
07:53These are included within this Sermon on the Mount; Jesus begins by quoting the sixth commandment,
08:00You shall not commit adultery. However, it goes beyond a superficial interpretation of the law,
08:09asserting that anyone who looks at a woman with desire has already committed adultery.
08:19This implies that the problem lies not only in the action, but in the desire itself.
08:27Jesus uses a powerful metaphor to illustrate the seriousness of sin. If your right eye is...
08:36Remove any cause of stumbling and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one of your members,
08:45Not the whole body should be covered in henna. Here, the eye represents the impurity of the heart.
08:54The hand symbolizes the sin committed. And the henna is the place associated with judgment.
09:03And destruction symbolizes exclusion from the kingdom. With this, he tells us that we must eradicate
09:12evil desires and everything that separates us from our holiness. And therefore,
09:18It can cause us to lose our salvation. Jesus also redeems the divine concept of marriage.
09:27which is based on a relationship of equality between men and women, as opposed to the view
09:35patriarchal that has prevailed over time. Originally, marriage was monogamous and
09:43It reflected a sacred union, but over time it transformed into an unequal relationship.
09:51where women became objects of possession. This allowed for practices such as polygamy,
09:59justified as a way to preserve lineage, although this practice gradually disappeared
10:07after the exile. Regarding divorce, Jesus criticizes the interpretation of Mosaic law.
10:15which allowed a man to repudiate his wife for almost any reason. I invite you to read the quote.
10:24from Deuteronomy 24:1. In doing so, Jesus reveals that this right, when used unjustly, not only
10:36It not only harms women but also makes them adulteresses. He emphasizes that divorce, when it is not
10:45It is justified by infidelity, which violates the sacred bond established by God in Genesis 2.24.
10:57Based on what we've been talking about or discussing, divorce was also considered a right of
11:05husband, allowing him to repudiate the wife even for superficial reasons, such as appearance. In
11:15In this context, Jesus, using his authority as the son of God, declares the law of Moses abolished.
11:23revealing the injustice this practice represented for women. Therefore,
11:31It states that whoever divorces his wife and marries another also commits adultery. This teaching
11:39It highlights the importance of fidelity and commitment in marriage, thus giving back the
11:48marriage to its original purity. It is crucial, therefore, to eliminate everything that distances us from life in
12:00the kingdom. Jesus emphasizes the need to root out any temptation or desire that leads us to the kingdom.
12:11Sin. It's not about physically mutilating ourselves, but about getting rid of those ideas, relationships, or situations.
12:21that hinder our spiritual life. Just as a person with gangrene may choose to amputate a
12:30member to preserve his life, we must be willing to cut off at the root everything that we
12:39to the center of God and His kingdom, even if it is painful. That concludes the first part of our lesson.
12:50We will continue with this topic in the next video.
13:21Thank you!