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00:10Now, on the world of National Geographic.
00:17Uncaged and untamed, it remains one of the last great predators on Earth.
00:23Hitch a ride and take a rare glimpse into life below the waves from a great white's point of view.
00:31It's another day on the hunt, but how does this shark decide what's for dinner?
00:37Minutes after an attack, these researchers look for the answers inches away from the massive shark.
00:45It's the ultimate predator, like you've never seen it before.
00:51Next, on the world of National Geographic.
01:28National Geographic
01:29I don't know.
02:04I don't know.
02:29The animal glides dreamlike through its watery world and into our subconscious.
02:46It is one of the last great predators to roam free on the planet.
02:50A creature of fearful symmetry.
03:19This is the great white shark of myth and legend.
03:28No carnivore in the sea or on land has the power to strike such deep terror in our souls.
03:38Yet the white shark is not a lone bloodthirsty killer, but a social animal and a highly selective and skillful
03:45hunter.
03:47Using the latest underwater filming technology, we are about to follow the shark into its domain to reveal its natural
03:55behavior as never before seen or captured on film.
04:13The range of the great white shark extends through most of the world's seas.
04:17But it's often found in cool, temperate waters near its favorite feeding grounds.
04:24Two great oceans, the Indian and the Atlantic, converge at the Cape Coast on the southernmost part of Africa.
04:36Feared by early navigators, this cape of storms is dotted with the skeletal hulls of shipwrecked vessels.
05:06The Cape Coast swarms with wildlife.
05:09The abundant Cape fur seals frolic in the waves like circus acrobats.
05:30It's early spring, and the fur seals are here to breed on Dire Island, one of many small islands along
05:36the coast.
05:44In a channel protected from the outside surf, a large raft of seals congregates.
05:51Here, in these sheltered waters, occurs a primeval encounter.
05:58The destinies of the great white shark and the seal have evolved together for millions of years.
06:05Like the lion and the antelope, they coexist in an intricate partnership of hunter and hunted.
06:18The sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea
06:19of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the
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06:28the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea
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06:30sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of
06:30the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea
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06:34sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of
06:36the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea
06:36of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the sea of the
06:42sea
06:42Let's go.
07:13This small pup survived, possibly because the shark had already eaten its fill.
07:21On Dire Island, the Cape Fir seals breed all at the same time and produce so many offspring that most
07:28will escape the white shark.
07:31But the shark is not the main agent of death for the seal.
07:36Disease, starvation and other causes also take a heavy toll.
07:40The mother seals often head out to sea for days at a time in search of food.
07:45And the pups, left alone, must fend for themselves.
07:52One of the most crucial lessons a pup must learn is how to survive in the sea.
07:57And sometimes his first lesson catches him off guard.
08:21The pup finds itself surrounded by adults in the middle of a large seal raft.
08:30The seals keep tightly together, close to the shoreline, and stay well away from the open waters of the channel.
08:37The raft is a highly effective system of communal defense, not unlike gazelles seeking protection from a cheetah by grazing
08:45in a large herd.
08:48But the inexperienced pup strays away from the safety of the raft.
09:07Thealet will find the water supply base for burgers.
09:08The river will find the稀posts-side предel to act as wet against one another anyway.
09:18The marine lion will find the limits of the sea.
09:18The Egyptian nacquired and新聞 are safe because the universe is carried out for many free merch.
09:22Water ripe into anissenνα for theуйumen, but in this husband has found the amount of water and the sea lake
09:22in the sea.
09:40the white shark is the largest predatory fish in the sea even at birth it is three to five feet
09:47long these sharks hunting in the channel are 8 to 14 feet in length and can weigh close to a
09:54ton
09:55yet most are still juveniles young great whites have a diverse diet that includes fish squid and
10:06even other sharks at this time of year the seal colony at Dyer Island provides a rich hunting
10:18ground dead pups often wash into the channel the shark will scavenge but it prefers living prey
10:43the great white moves to strike an awesome image of the raw primal power of nature
11:02as a top predator the white shark dominates its world no other species hunts it as prey except one and
11:12that
11:12one now threatens its very existence
11:43like the big cats of Africa white sharks have been hunted as trophies the only good shark according
11:51to the prevailing attitude was a dead shark to vanquish the most feared monster in the sea
11:58carcara don carcarius the jagged tooth one was proof of masculinity and the bigger the monster the bigger
12:06the psychological kick from killing it during this period in South Africa the largest great whites were
12:20virtually fished out only when dead and without water to support its immense bulk does the white shark
12:31look so grotesque
12:41the living white shark glides through the sea with minimum effort and perfect grace a shape of ideal hydrodynamic design
13:01an ancient thing monstrous and free mingling terror and beauty it haunted early cultures and mesmerizes us still
13:17today
13:18today South Africa has become the first nation to outlaw the killing of white sharks and to declare them a
13:23protected species
13:25white sharks are still hunted but not for lifeless trophies
13:32what we do we have the shots come in and come out the jump stick we're gonna Craig Ferreira of
13:40the white shark research unit helps scientists study the white shark population
13:46on board with him is Greg Marshall of the National Geographic Society we're not gonna hook the shark anything we're
13:52just gonna wait for him to come up and bang it in
13:54the shark takes off the tail come loose take the taking part away and it will be lifting the animal
14:01now they wait for a shark to come to the bait
14:04the popular belief that white sharks will mindlessly attack anything in the water turns out to be a myth
14:10in reality the white shark is often wary and cautious
14:22craig uses a line with no hook to lure the shark as close as possible to the boat in order
14:27to plant the tag just below the dorsal fin
14:38each shark reacts differently to the bait while some hold back others are very aggressive
15:08this shark was tagged a few weeks ago its return to the boat will provide
15:13valuable information on his movements since last seen but most white sharks are tagged and are never seen again
15:23another shark approaches the boat this one has no tag
15:46by tagging the white sharks scientists hope to find out how many there are out there and where they go
15:56greg will now attempt something never done before
15:59attach a video camera called a critter cam to a white shark
16:05it's always nerve-wracking to make a deployment
16:08lots of things are possible it's an incredibly powerful animal
16:22the great white shark is the animal i think that is in some way in our subconscious
16:28we know that this is an animal that can take us out
16:33we're curious we're fascinated we're terrified of that possibility
16:38i got it i got it i'm with you
16:40i would rather face my terror and try to understand
16:44i want to know this piece
16:46pull pull pull pull
16:47okay come on i need to get her now right now
16:49oh she's turned over
17:01close close close
17:03okay right there
17:05and when the shark swam away with it nice i saw the camera actually take
17:08and start to fly behind the animals as it's supposed to do
17:11and fly in the right orientation as she moved away
17:14it was really it was really very exciting it was a great feeling
17:21and now we take an incredible ride
17:25the shark patrols just below the surface
17:28then veers toward the bottom in a long purposeful descent
17:33she spends most of her time either near the surface or at the bottom
17:36but not in between
17:44the high dorsal fin is surprisingly flexible
17:47and like the keel of a boat serves to stabilize and prevent roll
17:54she reaches the bottom
17:56the grayish black hide on her back provides excellent camouflage as she cruises along the sea floor
18:02the critter cam can show us exactly where the shark likes to hunt
18:06and when it makes an attack
18:13there suddenly a fish appears
18:15the shark takes off after it
18:26quitter cam has a bumpy ride as she strikes out again
18:34Here she has clearly fed. A piece of her meal dangles from her mouth.
18:48We catch a glimpse of another white shark.
18:52Great whites may not be the lone rogues we once thought they were.
18:55In the hunting channel at Dyer Island, they appear to move in groups.
19:05Another shark passes by and she veers toward it.
19:08The critter cam may be revealing some social interaction taking place among the sharks.
19:21The camera contains a two-hour tape and we couldn't have any of this information unless it's retrieved.
19:28To do this, Greg Marshall must track the shark.
19:32He uses a hydrophone, which picks up an ultrasonic signal from the critter cam.
19:39Okay, it's a good strong signal.
19:42Right along this line, right here, that's the best signal.
19:44What's that bearing?
19:4550.
19:4750.
19:48Okay.
19:50It's really not until we actually retrieve the camera that we know that the deployment has been a success.
19:56So it's sort of exciting every single time we do it. It's a challenge.
19:59During each track, I'm nervous.
20:03And I want that damn thing back.
20:12It's not easy to get the damn thing back.
20:15The camera has a link that dissolves in seawater.
20:19After two hours, the camera will pop off.
20:21But sometimes, it's released sooner than expected.
20:31The shark encounters another shark, and the camera is dislodged and floats to the surface.
20:45The shark, always curious, circles and inspects the alien object that had hitched a ride on her back.
20:59The most exciting moment is when I hear that radio signal, that beep, beep, beep of the radio.
21:05Because it means the camera's back at the surface, and it's probably okay.
21:09Right, that's the radio signal.
21:10Yep.
21:11Got the surface.
21:12It's got to be right along this line here that we've been tracking.
21:16Woo-hoo!
21:16Staying up, too, that's nice.
21:17Let me go to the front and see if I can't see it.
21:19I can't see a thing from here.
21:21It's got to be right along this line.
21:23Okay.
21:25I think that's it right out there.
21:28In the past, white sharks have been filmed almost entirely by divers in shark cages.
21:33But remote cameras like CritterCam record behavior with minimal human intrusion,
21:37and they allow us to experience events that we couldn't ordinarily see.
21:42Okay.
21:43Got it.
21:44Nice!
21:45Damn!
21:47Pretty baby!
21:48Woo!
21:50No water in there either.
21:52There's a whistle.
21:53An array of remote techniques were used in this film, and they've revealed a relationship
21:58between shark and seal far more complex than previously imagined.
22:25At Dyer Island, it's summer, and there are no more young pups to make easy meals for the white sharks.
22:31The sharks must now hunt adult seals, and they are incredibly swift, agile, and alert.
22:39Here, the shark cannot use stealth.
22:42A bolder strategy is called for.
22:44It cruises in plain sight.
22:50Amazingly, the seals swim behind the shark in a tactic that resembles birds mobbing an enemy, or gazelles following a
22:57cheetah.
22:58Why?
22:59Perhaps to keep watch on the enemy, or distract it, or simply to find out whether it's hungry.
23:12The trick is to avoid becoming a meal in the process.
23:16A
23:23THE END
23:46THE WHITE SHARK HAS A STRATEGY IN THIS GAME. IT MAY APPEAR UNINTERESTED, BUT IT'S ALWAYS LOOKING FOR A STRAGGLER.
24:03THEIR BEHAVIOR RESEMBLES AN OLD CHILDREN'S GAME.
24:08WHAT TIME IS IT, MR. WOLF?
24:10THREE O'CLOCK.
24:13WHAT TIME IS IT NOW, MR. WOLF?
24:19IT'S SUPPERTIME.
24:35WHAT TIME IS IT, MR. WOLF?
24:41WHAT TIME IS IT, MR. WOLF?
24:44THE MORTALLY INJURED SEAL FLOATS TO THE SURFACE.
24:51THE SHARK RETURNS IMMEDIATELY.
24:53THE VIGOROUS SIDE-TO-SIDE THRASHING POWERS THE SAW-EDGED TEETH AND ENABLES THE SHARK TO DEVOUR THE CARCASS BITE
25:01BY BITE.
25:03THAT'S NOT A GOOD CAP.
25:10THAT'S NOT A GOOD REPORT.
25:13THAT'S A GOOD CAP.
25:18THAT'S A GOOD CAP.
25:40Afterwards, the seal raft returns to its normal state.
25:44The great white shark resumes its patrol.
25:57In these African waters, the shark has coped with an elaborate communal defense.
26:02But far away, in another ocean, the shark must deal with a different defensive strategy
26:07and a larger prey.
26:14A northern elephant seal sneaks along, keeping close to the bottom to avoid being seen.
26:21He must surface to look for a place to haul out.
26:26This is his most vulnerable moment.
26:32Here the shark's game is one of sudden ambush from below.
26:59The seal makes it ashore.
27:00He's only three years old, but compared to the young fur seals of South Africa, he's huge.
27:08He weighs about 500 pounds.
27:12Now he joins hundreds of other young elephant seals who migrate every autumn to these shores.
27:25We're at the Farallons, an isolated cluster of islands in the Pacific Ocean,
27:30barely 30 miles off the coast from San Francisco, California.
27:38At this time of year, the white sharks are here too.
27:41These are big ones, mature adults.
27:45They haven't been fished out here.
27:47The sharks encircle the islands, hidden in the depths, waiting.
28:04So, let me get a quick count up here.
28:06Once the elephant seals have made it ashore, they're safe.
28:10The Farallon Islands are a national wildlife refuge run by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
28:16Off California, both seal and white shark are protected by law.
28:20So, they're really arriving right now.
28:22Yeah, and that's why we've had quite a few shark attacks in the past three or four days.
28:26And I guess there's about 700 animals out here.
28:30Yes, yeah, somewhere between 650 and 800.
28:41Peter Pyle, a biologist for the Point Reyes Bird Observatory,
28:44spends six months a year here.
28:46He supervises the research.
28:51Our program at the lighthouse consists of stationing an observer up there
28:56during all daylight hours watching for shark activity.
29:02Our study is unique in that we don't bait.
29:06We don't put any blood or bait in the water.
29:09There, therefore, everything that we see on the shark is what they're doing on their own in a natural setting.
29:20I've probably seen a couple hundred shark attacks by now.
29:24Each one has its own bit of excitement, its flair.
29:27They're all so different, too. You never know what you're going to see.
29:40Another visitor to the islands arrives, a California gray whale.
29:44It's just a calf.
29:46At 18 feet long, it's about the same size as the fully grown white sharks that patrol these islands.
29:55Although white sharks will scavenge the carcasses of gray whales,
29:58this calf doesn't appear to be in any danger.
30:02Here the white sharks are after very specific prey.
30:47A shark attack off Indian head, large pool of blood. Scott, you there?
30:51Yeah, Pete. Uh, Indian head up.
30:53Yeah, it looks pretty good. Are you ready to go?
30:55I could be down the boat in just a few minutes.
30:57Karen, are you there?
30:58Yeah, I gotcha. You know, I'll zoom in a minute.
31:24All right, you ready, Pete?
31:25Yeah. Is everything set here?
31:27Yep.
31:29Okay.
31:30Ready?
31:31Yeah.
31:31Go up.
31:32Go up.
31:33Up.
31:41So where is it?
31:42It's a little bit on the moronga side, kind of in the lee, so...
31:45Scott Anderson is the principal white shark biologist here.
31:48He and Peter race to arrive before the attack is over.
31:53Thanks, Karen.
32:00All right, Peter. Looks like she's still got a floater.
32:02It's floating a little bit off Indian head there.
32:05A lot of blood. Just gonna get out there quick, eh?
32:08Okay, good. We'll be there in about a minute.
32:10Okay, great. What's the direction from where we're headed now?
32:13Okay, I got the birds now. We're on it.
32:29The sea is stained bright crimson with oxygen rich elephant seal blood.
32:36The seal was killed in a massive first hit.
32:40As often happens, the shark has vanished.
32:44But it will be back.
33:02The tiger's dead ticked.
33:03It'll fall in or out of the lost house.
33:03But Al grâce it should happen from their heart,
33:06But it seems like more salt at the 쌀�ffe.
33:09The cashier will go as a lamp this way.
33:34The shark is immense.
33:37Weighing more than two tons, it dwarfs the 14-foot boat.
34:10The kill provides food for others.
34:27It takes a while to finish the 500-pound seal.
34:32Powerful tailbeats assist the sawing action of the shark's massive jaws.
35:04Powerful tailbeats
35:20Scott and Peter try to keep up with the shark to observe the details of the feeding process.
35:26They must maneuver as close as possible without getting in the shark's way.
35:31She's coming up. Keep on it, Peter. She's coming.
35:42Back up a little, Pete.
35:43Okay, she's gonna hit us here.
35:53Okay, where is it? I can't see the car.
35:54She's coming up to hit us right here.
36:09Give her room, you guys. This is a big shark.
36:12Go in, Peter. She's about to take it.
36:17Pretty wild. That was great.
36:34Now there are two great whites circling below.
36:37In the only study of white sharks in their natural undisturbed state, Scott and Peter take photographs of each individual
36:44shark involved in the kill.
36:47It's good like that. She's underneath you.
36:52Hey, that's a big one, isn't it? She's 18.
36:58The sharks are here because of the food, but they're interested in anything on the surface.
37:04They often bump the researcher's boat or mouth the motor.
37:08Whether from hunger, aggression or simple curiosity, no one knows.
37:13The sharks in their islands.
37:41BIRDS CHIRP
37:50BIRDS CHIRP
37:50Biologists once thought that at each carcass there is usually one shark.
37:58But it's been recently discovered that there are more.
38:01From three to six white sharks often arrive to investigate a kill.
38:09There is no feeding frenzy and the carcass is approached in a cautious and controlled manner.
38:18Access to the food may be determined by a series of visual displays and postures.
38:25The white shark has a body language of its own, which we are only beginning to recognize.
38:42Two sharks swim side by side.
38:45With the pectoral fins held down, mouths slightly agape,
38:50the sharks move closer and closer to each other until one gives way.
39:14Here, size seems to be the determining factor.
39:18Here, the larger shark, a female, dominates the scene.
39:27The shark approaches the carcass, hunched in full display posture.
39:37A larger shark rises up from below.
39:40The first one arches its body and quickly gives way.
39:50The bigger shark has established its right to feed.
40:19now the feeding is over
40:20and the predators go back down to resume hunting like apparitions from our
40:29primordial past they vanish into the depths the coloration dark above light
40:37below makes them almost impossible to spot from above although a white shark
40:48uses many senses to detect its prey its vision is particularly acute cruising
40:54along the bottom it searches for silhouettes above
41:04sea lions in a group are difficult to target and catch the shark prefers a single target
41:39scott andes
41:41and studies the great whites in much the same way as the great whales have been
41:45studied he attempts to get photos to identify individuals first he has to
41:50lure the shark up by using a shape that resembles an elephant seal a surfboard
41:56seems to work as well as anything
42:17this is what scott is after photos of the dorsal fin and tail
42:31okay well these are the kind of uh bites that we see on various objects that we've put out here
42:37surfboard in this case uh and you can see the the upper teeth here lay down a nice crescent shaped
42:43bite
42:43and they actually cut away flesh and take away a piece of the animal whereas the bottom teeth are much
42:50sharper uh in a point and actually pin the prey
42:56so the two sets of jaws working together are very effective at removing large pieces of flesh
43:01you can see here the each set of teeth so the shark's actually missing one tooth there
43:08they can bite uh clear through something like this but they probably as soon as they get it in their
43:13mouth sense that it's not uh a seal or a sea lion which they're usually used to eating
43:19it's much harder and probably just let go as soon as they feel it this is just a shark feeling
43:25to bore
43:30would you go surfing in california yeah in places i would certain spots are known to be completely safe other
43:37places uh i wouldn't go in i wouldn't go swimming out here for anything
43:43off the pacific coast of the united states most great white attacks on humans occur near shoreline
43:49shore frequently around seal or sea lion colonies encounters are rarely fatal and the victims are usually surfers and swimmers
43:57easily mistaken for the shark's natural prey
44:03the white shark's attraction to the surfboard shape is aptly demonstrated when scott puts a video camera on a board
44:11while topside photographs of the fins are valuable to scott's study he now attempts to get underwater views of the
44:18entire animal
44:22so the video board is a board with a video camera and a housing that would be durable enough to
44:28withstand the impact of an attack and also remain floating
44:38when putting the decoy out to attract the white sharks it's very similar to fishing for trout
44:47when you're looking at a predatory fish you have different strategies
44:50and a trout is to me a good comparison to the strategy of the white shark in that they're laying
44:57below and hidden from what it is they're attacking
45:00they will rarely come to the surface unless there's something really interesting there
45:06to fool them basically is what you're trying to do
45:13scott's decoy works
45:31only rarely do they actually attack the surfboard
45:34this inquisitive shark uses its potentially lethal jaws to gently explore the board
45:59scar markings and differing colorations are clearly visible on these close views
46:06scott will use these close-ups to assist him in identifying individual sharks
46:24the scars on the bodies of the farallon sharks provide more clues to their social rituals
46:30this big female has what appears to be combat or perhaps mating scars
46:37white sharks have never been observed mating
46:39white sharks have never been observed mating
46:40but it's likely that their sexual behavior is turbulent to say the least
46:48and then you know half in has been here on a regular basis
46:53and then on other years not stumpy is on here at some point
46:57so the one of the big questions is are the same sharks coming back year after year
47:01that's not the same one we saw in 92
47:03it was the same with that double bite like that but i think it was
47:07it's different yeah everybody always thought that the sharks that were out here were the same sharks
47:11everybody assumed that they were the same sharks coming back
47:14but nobody had any evidence
47:17let's see the same shark mark on left side so this is the same one again
47:22scott and peter sift through the available evidence to catalog the individual great whites that come to the farallons each
47:28autumn
47:31video stills and other data are all examined
47:34some suggest that hunting seals and sea lions can be hazardous for the shark
47:39this bite it looks like it could be a seal or a sea lion is you know
47:44it doesn't look like a shark
47:44yeah there's four
47:46yeah two on the bottom and two on the top which would be the two main
47:50one of those the canines
47:52over seven years up to 40 great whites have been identified
47:57some are observed in one season and then never seen again while others come back every year
48:02and look at those marks from year to year and see if they're
48:05one of these is a massive 18 foot female named stumpy
48:09so called because the tip of her tail fin is missing
48:12she was seen again
48:14we don't know where stumpy is during most of the year
48:17but we do know that she shows up here every autumn at the farallons
48:21so pretty consistent she's almost always in the same area
48:25what's more she appears to come each year to the same spot to hunt
48:31how do you know stumpy is here?
48:33you set the board out and she lets you know
48:46this is how a great white kills an elephant seal in the first hit
49:04in one precise torpedo like blow the shark hits the prey from below
49:09the stunning impact of the first lightning strike may incapacitate the seal
49:14this strategy saves energy and may minimize the risk of injury to the shark
49:22in the farallons no shark is more successful at this strategy than stumpy
49:26Scott and Peter have come to know her well
49:33she's the only animal that we've recognized taking three different seals in one year
49:39and that's pretty amazing when you think that it's been calculated
49:43that one seal should last a shark up to three months
49:47she must be really building up a lot of fat
49:50and we suppose that's because she then goes down and breathes
49:53and probably doesn't eat very much during the time she's giving birth
50:03great white sharks are the ultimate predators
50:06highly adaptive they vary their strategies to hunt exceptionally agile prey
50:18of all the great predators on the planet
50:20white sharks are the only ones that have not been caged or tamed
50:30as images of fierce uncontrolled nature
50:33they have imprinted themselves indelibly upon our collective consciousness
50:43Jaws and a lot of those other movies instilled this belief in humans
50:48that white sharks were these killing machines
50:50that wanted to jump into boats or grab humans and eat them
50:56we've learned that this is really not the case at all
51:00they're primarily interested in elephant seals
51:18as the animal behind the myth is revealed
51:21the great white shark remains no less formidable as a predator
51:25its fearful symmetry is not diminished
51:31perhaps we need to know that it still survives
51:36out there
51:50like the tiger in the forests of the night
51:53the white shark is the essence of wildness
52:00what time is it now mr. wolf
52:07what time is it now mr. wolf
52:19in the wind
52:21you'll be in there
52:23the oil
52:25dooso
52:26third
52:45so
52:58I don't know.
53:25I don't know.
53:51I don't know.
53:52Coming up, following the Delaware Lottery drawing, it's This Old House.
53:56And be sure to join us for the premiere of a wonderful news series from public television called Legendary Lighthouses,
54:02featuring this time Lighthouses of the North Atlantic.
54:05That's tomorrow night at 8 right here on TV 12.
54:41Funding for this program was made possible by annual financial support from viewers like you.