- 3 hours ago
Your body is amazing: it works like a big mechanism, where each detail knows its function and performs it well. I'm sure you have a bunch of cool body tricks up your sleeve: maybe you can roll your eyes or you've mastered the art of tongue roll... But there're more tricks a body can do! There are countless incredible things you didn't know about your body that are sure to amaze you.
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FunTranscript
00:00Here's a young man in a business suit. He's got a secret.
00:04He's in the bathroom, standing in front of the mirror, washing his face with cold water to cheer up.
00:09There's no one else here besides him, but he's not alone.
00:13The guy looks nervous. He slaps his cheeks, looks in the mirror and says,
00:17Don't worry, we can deal with it. We've been going to this for so long, we will win.
00:23He said we, not because he has a split personality.
00:26And no, he's not talking to someone else through a small microphone.
00:30He said we, because he knows a secret.
00:33Technically, he's not all human, but a group of billions of living creatures.
00:39Him, you, and all the people on Earth aren't really who they think they are.
00:43Only 43% of your body is made up of human cells.
00:47The remaining 57% are microbes and bacteria.
00:52Now this guy is going on stage to tell us this secret.
00:56Get on the scales. See the number?
00:58Now subtract a little more than half from it.
01:01This is your actual weight.
01:03Everything else is microscopic organisms.
01:05It's hard to believe because, in this case, your body should constantly change its shape,
01:11disintegrating into tiny particles.
01:13You would see your skin pulsating and continually moving.
01:16Fortunately, this doesn't happen for two reasons.
01:20Firstly, microbes are tiny. Their movements aren't visible.
01:23Secondly, most of this microbial world is in a dark place we can't see.
01:28A place without access to oxygen.
01:31In our intestines.
01:33It's where billions of little creatures are roaming.
01:36Feeling kind of crowded, huh?
01:37Some of them appeared before we were born.
01:40But most were colonists who came with food and water.
01:43On your body's surface, all microbes come from the environment.
01:47Every corner of your skin is covered with microbes.
01:50No matter how you try, it's impossible to get rid of them.
01:53There are more microbes than human cells.
01:56Our genome consists of about 20,000 genes.
01:59The number of microbes' genes in the human body is about 2 to 20,000 million.
02:05That means that, technically, we're not people, but microbes.
02:08Fortunately, it's not so bad.
02:11The genome of microbes complements our own.
02:14Such a model of existence reveals many opportunities for medicine.
02:18The human microbiome includes bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms.
02:23All of them divided into many species.
02:26And each type performs its own functions.
02:28Some microbes are responsible for vitamin extraction from food.
02:32Others help the breakdown of destructive substances.
02:35Another type helps your tummy digest food.
02:38A separate group regulates your immune system, protects it against ills, parasites, and viruses.
02:44Some control weight.
02:45Simply put, microbes make your life better, help your body function, and affect your health.
02:51There are microorganisms that provoke many diseases.
02:55They impair immunity or affect vital organs.
02:58Imagine you know exactly which bacteria are responsible for feeling unwell.
03:03Next, you find a way to rid yourself of them.
03:06It can be some pill with poison against those microbes.
03:09You drink it, and the cure erases all the harmful pests inside your body.
03:13A disease might appear because of the lack of beneficial microbes.
03:17This is one of the ways doctors heal many people in the world.
03:21Now let's say you've determined a group of microbes that help strengthen muscles.
03:26Then you find out which trace element helps these bacterias work faster and more efficiently.
03:31You add this vitamin to food or just get a pill containing a billion of these microbes.
03:36As a result, your muscles grow twice as fast.
03:40The presence of some microbes or the lack of others can show the state of your entire body.
03:46A sample of your microbes can indicate your level of health or the presence of some disease.
03:51Any person can improve their body not only with the help of genetic engineering, but with microbial medicine.
03:58Studying human microbes is cheaper, more efficient, and faster than expensive, complex gene modifications.
04:04This area is just beginning to develop all over the world, but there are already some discoveries.
04:12Previously, humanity thought microbes were enemies.
04:15We made up many ways to destroy bacteria and viruses.
04:19But along with the harmful germs, these cures get rid of the good ones.
04:24Now scientists understand that microbes can both take away and save lives.
04:28So they started large-scale research on this subject.
04:31Let's have a look at a big panda.
04:34This animal, with an ample supply of fat under its skin, is omnivorous.
04:38It rarely eats meat.
04:40Its diet mostly consists of berries and bamboo shoots.
04:43But in winter, there's none of this.
04:46So pandas feed on bamboo leaves.
04:48That food is low-calorie.
04:50There's almost no proteins in it.
04:52But still, pandas don't lose weight after a cold winter.
04:55Recently, scientists found out how pandas do that.
04:58It's all thanks to a unique microbiome.
05:02Every winter, a lot of unique bacterias are born in their intestines.
05:06These microbes extract and synthesize helpful substances from bamboo leaves better than others,
05:12and thus preserve the panda's weight.
05:14Scientists put these bacteria inside field mice.
05:18Small rodents began to gain weight much faster.
05:21Hamburgers, cakes, and other heavy foods contain calories
05:24and help develop colonies of microbes that contribute to weight.
05:28Millions of species of microbes have millions of functions.
05:31In theory, each of these functions can be used for the sake of humans.
05:36So, imagine you need to lose or gain weight,
05:39and you just add these microbes to your lunch.
05:41Do you want to sleep better or fight drowsiness?
05:44Drink microbes that will affect the production of sleep hormones.
05:48Do you want to strengthen the bone tissue?
05:50No problem!
05:51Look, bacteria are not only inside our bodies, they're everywhere.
05:56Part of the planet is made up of microbes.
05:58These tiny organisms are constantly multiplied.
06:01Look, there are a trillion of them on your keyboard.
06:04One bacterium increases in size and splits into two bacteria.
06:09After a few minutes, these two increase and divide again.
06:12Four microorganisms appear.
06:14Each of them splits in two.
06:16The colony of bacteria is rapidly growing.
06:19With such quick reproduction,
06:21one microbe can make one ton of offspring in just 24 hours.
06:25After five days, bacteria will fill all the seas and oceans.
06:29They will weigh more than the whole planet.
06:32Under ideal conditions, bacteria could take over the whole world.
06:36However, this will never happen.
06:38There are no such perfect conditions for uncontrolled bacterial growth.
06:42The speed they multiply at is equal to the speed of their destruction.
06:47Dryness, water, light, high temperature, gases, humidity,
06:51all these phenomenon help control their population.
06:54At the same time, microbes are in charge of most of the chemical reactions on Earth.
07:00An old apple on the ground is rotting because of germs and bacteria.
07:04Mold forms on bread because of microorganisms.
07:07But they don't just exist and affect the condition of any material and other living creatures.
07:12An endless battle for survival continues in the world of microorganisms.
07:17Giant bacteria absorb smaller ones.
07:20Microbes with spikes defeat long microbes.
07:23There are also viruses that penetrate bacteria and infect them with their cells.
07:28A small ball with a virus can destroy an entire colony of microbes.
07:33Viruses multiply and take over more and more territories
07:36until they meet strong immune cells on their way.
07:39There are also creatures resembling robots.
07:43They look like diamonds with mechanical legs.
07:45Despite this unusual appearance, they're 100% natural.
07:50We call them bacteriophages.
07:52They have only one purpose, to destroy all bacteria.
07:56Bacteriophages are additional protection of the planet from uncontrolled reproduction of microbes.
08:01When some microorganisms multiply, they leave decay waste.
08:05This waste is harmful to humans.
08:08Bacteriophages fight these microbes and save our lives.
08:11The coolest thing is that these defenders don't seek to take over the planet.
08:15They only attack bacteria.
08:17Every second, billions of microbes battle with billions of bacteriophages on any surface.
08:24Sounds like a video game.
08:25The crystal-headed jumps on the bacterium and injects the genetic code inside it.
08:30This code has separate elements that connect to each other inside the microbes' body
08:35and becomes a new bacteriophage.
08:37Then it destroys the bacterium from the inside and goes for the next one.
08:42Look closely at your fingertip.
08:44There's a lot of life there.
08:46The strongest survive, the weak disappear.
08:49Wash it off, and new bacteria will come along with the water.
08:52Wipe your wet finger with a towel, and new germs will jump on you from there.
08:57And the battle will begin again.
08:59This is just the tip of your finger.
09:01Inside your body, some bacteria are fighting for your health against microbes that want to harm you.
09:07Some microbes in our intestine can be responsible for a good or bad mood.
09:12There are also parasitic bacteria that can affect our brain, the way we think, and our emotions.
09:18Some creatures control the behavior of animals and insects.
09:22Scientists constantly make discoveries in the world of microorganisms.
09:26So, bacteria are the rulers of our world.
09:29They appeared long before humans and the first animals.
09:32And most likely, they'll remain after us.
09:36Think about that.
09:39Ready for a shock?
09:40Only about 43% of you is actually you.
09:44The rest are your friendly neighbors.
09:47Microscopic creatures that help you function properly.
09:49They mainly live in your gut, but also spread to other parts of your body and never leave it.
09:56Still, even though your own cells are fewer than microbial ones, there are, on average, about 100 trillion of them
10:03in you.
10:03If you take all the microbes dwelling within your body and count their genes, it'll be anywhere from 2 to
10:1020 million genes and their combinations.
10:13Tomatoes have more genes than humans.
10:15Well, the part that's actually us, of course.
10:18This shouldn't concern you, though, because it's not the number of genes that matters, but the complexity of their connections.
10:25Our brain is actually pretty large, almost as large as a pillowcase.
10:29It's squeezed into a relatively small head, just because it's very wrinkly.
10:34If you could spread it out, you'd see how brainy you are in reality.
10:39When you age, your brain is gradually reducing in size.
10:43By 875, it's much smaller than at 30, and it starts shrinking by the age of 40.
10:49It happens in everyone and doesn't affect your mental strength in any way.
10:53Our brain can store only 7 bits in its short-term memory.
10:57Don't even try to compare your brain with a phone capacity, not even the one you had back in 2005.
11:03A mere byte is 8 bits.
11:06That's why you can't even learn a phone number by heart.
11:09Our short-term memory functions just like a chalkboard.
11:12You can get some info, but sooner or later, you run out of space.
11:16Working memory is an essential thing that we need to perform almost any everyday activity,
11:22including basic conversations, navigating in the city, and even trying to copy the moves from a workout video.
11:29Our strongest and most emotional memories are usually fake.
11:33It's the way the central memory works.
11:35It gives us the confidence to believe everything we remember is real,
11:39even though we should be confident about fewer details.
11:43Your bones become more brittle with age as well, and your spine gets compressed.
11:48That's why older people often lose some of their height.
11:51In the same way, you're a bit taller in the morning than in the evening
11:55because your spinal column gets some rest while you're asleep.
11:59This effect is temporary, but the one that comes with age is, unfortunately, permanent.
12:04Our lifespan is programmed within our cells.
12:07They constantly renew and divide, but they have a sort of internal timer that stops at some point.
12:14Some cells also stop reproducing sooner than others.
12:17On average, cells cease dividing when we reach the age of 100.
12:22That means if we could find a way to trick our cells into turning off the timer,
12:26we could potentially live forever.
12:29Among mammals, only humans can always walk on two hind limbs
12:33and keep that posture for their entire lives.
12:36You might object that kangaroos and gorillas move in the same way,
12:40but kangaroos use their tail as a third leg,
12:43and gorillas use the help of their long arms to keep balance.
12:47Body fat isn't just a nuisance.
12:50It acts as insulation material, energy reserve, and shock absorber.
12:54Your body sends the most fat into your waist region
12:57because that's where your internal organs are.
13:00If something happens to you, this layer of fat might as well protect your vitals from irreparable damage.
13:06Your bones take part in metabolism, too.
13:09Since they mostly consist of calcium,
13:12when there's not enough of this element in your blood,
13:14bones start shedding it into the bloodstream, balancing your body.
13:18And vice versa.
13:20When there's too much calcium in your blood,
13:22it goes into the bones to be stored for later.
13:25Your skull consists of 28 different bones,
13:28many of which are fused together to protect your brain.
13:32The mandible, or lower jaw,
13:34is the only skull bone that's only kept attached to your head
13:37with connective tissues and muscles.
13:39And the smallest bone in your whole body is inside your ear.
13:44It's called stapes,
13:46and it's no larger than a grain of rice.
13:48The only bone to have a sense of humor in your body
13:52is inside your upper arm.
13:54That's why it's called humerus.
13:56Okay, I made that one up.
13:57Move along.
13:58Some of the strongest muscles in your body
14:00aren't in your arms or legs.
14:02They're in your head.
14:04Masseter is the main muscle responsible for chewing,
14:07and it needs to be the strongest for you to eat normally.
14:10And you know those muscles that allow you to move your ears?
14:14Those are temporalis,
14:15located above your temples.
14:17They also help you to chew your food.
14:20We've got two really fast muscles.
14:22They control the eyelid closing.
14:24In fact, they're the fastest muscles in our body.
14:28Eyes are fragile and need protection.
14:30That's why, when a reflex is triggered,
14:32these muscles shut the eyes within less than a tenth of a second.
14:36It's been believed for a long time
14:39that a person could distinguish more than 10,000 smells.
14:43A recent research showed that people were able to distinguish
14:46more than a trillion smells.
14:48We also remember them better than anything else,
14:51and smells can even evoke some distant memories.
14:54We recognize only purple-blue, green-yellow, and yellow-red colors.
14:59Everything else is a combination of these three.
15:02It's impossible to calculate how many of these combinations the human eye sees
15:07because every single person has slight vision differences.
15:10But it's about 1 million combinations on average.
15:14We feel about 80% of the taste of any food
15:17thanks to the nose and its ability to recognize odors.
15:21If you hold your nose while eating,
15:23you will taste almost nothing.
15:25You might have a chocolate bar or smoked fish in your mouth.
15:28There will be no difference for you.
15:31Your sense of smell turns completely off while you're asleep.
15:34Your brain just doesn't register any smells.
15:37So if you've fallen asleep,
15:39and then something starts stinking in your house,
15:41you won't be bothered in the least.
15:44Rover, you bad boy!
15:46Your nose doesn't just help you breathe and catch odors.
15:49It filters the air for sensitive throats and lungs.
15:52If we inhale dry air,
15:55the nose moistens it, cools it, and heats it if it's necessary.
15:59Also, the nose cleans the air from dirt.
16:02We can accidentally digest small objects,
16:05such as plastic items, glass, coins, and many other small objects.
16:10They'll make their way through the digestive tract within 48 hours.
16:14And there's even a man who managed to eat a whole airplane.
16:18It took him years, though.
16:19But little by little, he finished his metal meal with no trouble at all.
16:24When asked if the plane was staying there forever,
16:27the guy replied,
16:28No, just passing through.
16:30Yeah, I made that up.
16:32Speaking of meals,
16:34you feel sleepy after a hearty lunch or dinner
16:36because of your basic instincts.
16:38Your brain thinks, and rightfully so,
16:41that when you eat, you're safe.
16:43And if you're safe,
16:44you can lie down and have some rest
16:46before going back to the world so full of dangers.
16:49Every person has their unique smell
16:51that can't be confused with anyone else's.
16:54Still, if you have an identical twin,
16:57you will both have the same smell.
16:59Now, our brain perceives giving presents
17:02as a more positive act than receiving them.
17:05Humans are social creatures.
17:07That's why, when we do something good for others,
17:09we feel good ourselves.
17:11The brain gives us a reward for acting this way
17:14in the form of oxytocin,
17:16the happiness hormone.
17:18Our eyes are powerful tools,
17:20much more so than any camera invented to this day.
17:24But still, unfortunately,
17:26they can't see the glow coming from our bodies.
17:29Yep, we're bioluminescent,
17:31just like some deep-sea creatures.
17:33The only difference is
17:34that our glow is so weak
17:36that only very sensitive capturing equipment
17:39can actually see it.
17:40Oops, time's up.
17:42Gotta glow.
17:44We, um, I mean, human beings,
17:47have been evolving for 6 million years.
17:49But we're still not perfect.
17:51Turns out that our bodies
17:52have a bunch of design flaws.
17:55First of all,
17:56human eyes have tiny blind spots,
17:58never mind the philosophical ones.
18:00Such a spot is about the size of a pinhead.
18:03It's located at the point
18:04where the optic nerve
18:05passes through the surface of the retina
18:07at the back of the eye.
18:10Your optic nerves
18:11connect your eyes to the brain.
18:12They carry images
18:13for your brain to process.
18:15This is how you see.
18:16In the spot where these nerves
18:18leave your eye, though,
18:19there's a lack of something
18:20called photoreceptors.
18:22These receptors detect light
18:23and are the reason you can see.
18:25Without them,
18:26your eyes wouldn't be able
18:27to send any signals to your brain
18:29to describe what you're looking at.
18:31But because there are no photoreceptors there,
18:34you've got a tiny blind spot
18:35in each of your eyes.
18:38If people were designed perfectly
18:40without this flaw,
18:41they'd have eyes just like octopuses.
18:43It may sound weird,
18:45but the eyes of these creatures
18:46are eerily similar to humans.
18:48But their optic nerves
18:49run behind the retina.
18:51This means that the nerves
18:52don't have to leave the eye
18:53at any point.
18:54So there's no gap
18:55that causes the blind spot
18:57in human eyes.
18:59What else?
19:00Around 65 million Americans
19:02complained about having issues
19:04with their backs.
19:05And this is because of evolution.
19:07Just like dogs,
19:08humans used to walk on all fours.
19:10When people were walking
19:11on their hands and knees,
19:12the curve of their spine
19:13was pretty much perfect.
19:15And all their organs
19:16felt comfortable.
19:17Because of this,
19:18there was never any pressure
19:19on their backs.
19:20Well,
19:21we evolved to start walking
19:22on two legs
19:23to save energy.
19:24The search for food
19:25took longer and longer.
19:26And when walking on two legs,
19:28people saved 25% of energy.
19:32But this was bad news
19:33for people's backs.
19:35Because this way,
19:36their spines were basically
19:37forced to turn into a column
19:39to support all the weight
19:40and make space
19:41for other organs.
19:42But if your spine
19:43was completely straight,
19:44you wouldn't be able
19:45to walk on two legs.
19:46So it evolved
19:47to become curved.
19:48But this puts a big amount
19:50of pressure
19:51on your lower back.
19:52So basically,
19:53to get rid of our
19:53pesky back problems,
19:55you should start walking
19:56on all fours again.
19:57That'll work.
20:00Make no bones about it.
20:01People have too many bones
20:02in their feet.
20:03We have all these bones
20:05because our ape-like ancestors
20:06needed them
20:07to grab onto tree branches.
20:09Now,
20:09people aren't swinging
20:10from trees anymore.
20:11But we still have
20:12all those bones,
20:13which makes us prone
20:14to damaging them.
20:15And this can be
20:16extremely uncomfortable.
20:18Think about how many times
20:19you've stubbed your toes.
20:22If we were designed perfectly,
20:24our feet would look like
20:25those of an ostrich.
20:26These birds have
20:27way fewer bones.
20:28And the parts
20:29that look like knees
20:30turned backwards
20:31are actually
20:32their ankle joints.
20:33This makes ostriches
20:34less prone to injuries
20:35and also helps them run fast.
20:38Wow,
20:38if people were designed
20:39this way,
20:40it would make the Olympics
20:41way more interesting.
20:42I'd sure watch.
20:44Now,
20:45chew on this one.
20:46Human teeth
20:47are also far from perfect.
20:48People spend so much money
20:50on preserving them.
20:51At the same time,
20:52no other animal
20:53has to visit a dentist
20:54as we do.
20:55Also,
20:56once our teeth
20:57are permanently damaged
20:58or fall out,
20:59we can't grow new ones.
21:02Sharks are the opposite.
21:03They have an endless
21:04supply of teeth.
21:05In some shark species,
21:07a new set of teeth
21:08develops every two weeks.
21:10Kangaroos also have
21:11way better teeth
21:12than people do.
21:13If we were designed perfectly,
21:14we'd probably have
21:15the same teeth
21:16as our bouncing buddies.
21:18Once their teeth
21:19wear down,
21:19they fall out.
21:20and their rear teeth
21:21migrate forward.
21:24That's not the only issue
21:25we have with our teeth.
21:26Our mouths are way
21:28too crowded.
21:28Hey,
21:29I normally have a foot
21:30in mine.
21:31In the process of evolution,
21:33the human brain
21:33grew dramatically,
21:34and our jaws
21:35had to become wider
21:36and shorter
21:37to make room for it.
21:38But this left
21:39almost no room
21:40for our wisdom teeth.
21:42In the past,
21:44wisdom teeth were helpful
21:45when people needed
21:46to break down food.
21:47But as we learned
21:48to cook and process food,
21:49these teeth
21:50weren't needed anymore.
21:51So, in short,
21:53people should just
21:53get rid of them completely.
21:55And this may actually
21:56be happening.
21:57Around 25% of people,
21:59mostly Eskimos,
22:00are now born
22:00without some or all
22:02of their four wisdom teeth.
22:05Now, it happens
22:06that our knees
22:07are quite impractical too.
22:08It's the most complex
22:09joint in the body.
22:11It's sandwiched
22:12between two massive levers,
22:13which is already
22:14pretty risky.
22:15The knee only moves
22:16forward or backward,
22:18which doesn't make
22:19it a very secure construction.
22:21That's why there's
22:22a bunch of rules
22:22in many kinds of sports,
22:24like soccer or rugby,
22:25that forbid hitting
22:26an opponent's knee
22:27from the side.
22:28To make people
22:29better suited
22:30to their new
22:31sporty lifestyle,
22:32the hinge-like mechanism
22:33of the knee
22:34could be replaced
22:35with a ball and socket.
22:36This would be like
22:37the structure you have
22:38in your shoulders and hips.
22:41Friends,
22:42Romans,
22:42countrymen,
22:43waggle your ears.
22:44Yep,
22:45like dogs and cats,
22:46some humans
22:46can waggle their ears.
22:48These lucky ones
22:49can move their ears
22:50independently
22:50thanks to special muscles
22:52called extrinsic ear muscles.
22:54But those serve
22:55literally no purpose,
22:56apart from providing
22:57a cool party trick.
23:00Speaking of design flaws,
23:01human voice boxes
23:03are in the completely
23:03wrong place.
23:04Your windpipe,
23:05thanks to which
23:06you can breathe,
23:07and your food pipe,
23:08which is,
23:09you guessed it,
23:10where the food goes,
23:11open into the same space.
23:12This space extends
23:14from your nose and mouth
23:15down to your voice box.
23:17You have a little
23:18leaf-shaped flap
23:19that covers the opening
23:21to your voice box
23:22whenever you swallow.
23:23It prevents food
23:24from going into
23:24your windpipe.
23:25But this mechanism
23:27isn't always fast enough.
23:28If you're talking
23:29while eating,
23:30it's incredibly easy
23:31for the food
23:32to slip down
23:32and accidentally
23:33go into your airway.
23:34And you definitely
23:35don't want that.
23:37The whale's voice box
23:39is designed
23:40much more wisely.
23:41It's located
23:42in its blowhole
23:43away from its mouth.
23:44If people could move
23:45their voice box
23:46into their nose,
23:47they would have
23:47two separate tubes.
23:49And there would be
23:49no risk of choking.
23:52But there would be
23:53a downside.
23:54We wouldn't be able
23:55to talk.
23:55But we could communicate
23:56through singing instead,
23:58like our whale friends.
23:59We'd be able to do this
24:00by producing vibrations
24:01in our noses.
24:02Kinda like this.
24:04Don't I sound better?
24:05Hey, leave me
24:06a comment below.
24:08You like ribs?
24:09I love them.
24:10But we're not talking
24:12about those kind of ribs.
24:13Some of us humans
24:14have an extra
24:15thirteenth set of ribs.
24:17Between 1 and 3%
24:18of the world's population
24:19have these ribs
24:20called cervical,
24:21and they serve
24:22absolutely no purpose.
24:24Some people have
24:25just one of such ribs
24:26on the left side
24:27or the right side
24:28of their body.
24:29And others have
24:30cervical ribs
24:31on both sides.
24:33Now, you don't really
24:35need your appendix.
24:36It may contain
24:36some useful bacteria
24:37to help when you
24:38have stomach issues,
24:39but apart from that,
24:41it's not really necessary.
24:42The worst thing is
24:43that the appendix
24:44can get easily inflamed.
24:46The appendix
24:47was originally designed
24:47to help people
24:48digest cellulose,
24:49which is found
24:50in most green plants.
24:51This was back
24:52when people's diet
24:53mainly consisted of plants
24:54and almost no animal food.
24:56So, I say,
24:57let's get rid of it!
25:00Moving on.
25:01Blood is delivered
25:02from your heart
25:03to all the tissues
25:04of your body
25:04through thin pipes
25:06called arteries.
25:07The blood flows
25:08into each of your arms
25:09and legs
25:09through one large artery.
25:10For your arms,
25:12this artery
25:12is located at the biceps,
25:14and for your legs,
25:15it's in the front
25:16of the thigh.
25:16But your back
25:17needs blood too.
25:18And still,
25:19instead of having
25:20a large artery
25:21at the back of your body,
25:22you have smaller ones
25:23branching out
25:24and bundling
25:25around your bones
25:26and nerves.
25:26This is really impractical
25:29and makes people
25:29pretty susceptible
25:30to glitches,
25:31which is why
25:32you often get
25:32numb arms or legs.
25:34Bummer.
25:36How about
25:37something humorous?
25:38Take a look
25:39at your elbow.
25:40There,
25:40a branch of the artery
25:41meets up with
25:42something called
25:43the ulnar nerve.
25:44Thanks to this,
25:45you can move
25:46your pinky fingers.
25:47This is also why
25:48when you bang
25:49your funny
25:49or humorous bone,
25:50your arm
25:51goes all numb
25:52and tingly.
25:53Ow.
25:55To fix this,
25:56we really need
25:56one more large artery
25:58in the back of our body
25:59near the shoulder blades.
26:00This extra pipe
26:01would provide the blood
26:02with a more direct route.
26:04This would also
26:04stop your arms
26:05and legs
26:06from going numb
26:06when you bump them
26:07in the wrong place.
26:09Finally,
26:10there's this tail.
26:12People still have
26:13a tailbone,
26:13even though
26:14there's no tail in sight.
26:15For our ape-like ancestors,
26:17the tail was
26:18incredibly helpful.
26:19They used it
26:20to balance themselves
26:21while jumping
26:21from one high branch
26:23to another.
26:25Now that we live
26:26in actual houses,
26:27most of us
26:28don't swing
26:28through trees anymore.
26:29The tailbone,
26:31whose official name
26:32is the coxys,
26:33is easily fractured.
26:34So currently,
26:35it's just a design flaw.
26:37Researchers also claim
26:38that removing it
26:39would improve
26:40posture issues too.