00:01Welcome again to the MSTV and in this video we are going to talk about how to create 3D solid
00:11models using two-dimensional photographs. These photographs can be captured by using ordinary
00:18cameras or cell phone cameras and they might be available from the internet and can be directly
00:28used. So let's begin the video. Now you know especially in reverse engineering there can be situations
00:41where the machine part or the object has become very old or it is basically obsoleted from the
00:52market and no longer available. So what we actually have in our hand is the original object and probably
01:02only few are left so you know we in order to digitalize these you know machine parts or objects
01:12we have to study the real part itself and for this purpose you know meteorological tools can be used
01:22to measure the real part or object and then prepare its digitalized version using some kind of a CAD
01:30software. So this is the conventional method but this would require some measuring tools and maybe
01:39they can be expensive like 3D scanners. So another option that is available is to use a two-dimensional
01:48photographs of the part and then these parts can be used to generate these photographs can be used to
01:56generate a CAD model. So in this video we will going to use an easily and freely available CAD software
02:04on the
02:04internet and we will go to demonstrate this procedure but before we demonstrate this procedure we will
02:12going to go through some basic steps. So the basic steps in this procedure will be that first of all
02:21we
02:21have to actually clean the machine part or the object that we want to digitalize and we can actually do
02:33this
02:33by using some kind of a cleaning agent and then placing the part on a white background for example a
02:41paper or a
02:41piece of cloth and this is because for the better visibility. But then step two will be that at least
02:53we should know
02:55one dimension. This can be a linear dimension it can be a dimension that is already available on the part
03:04itself
03:05or we may actually use a scale bar sticker that we can attach on the part and we can capture
03:13this scale bar
03:15the sticker so that this scale bar can be used to calibrate the entire object. The third step will be
03:27to
03:29take as many clear photographs as possible of the part while we may have to differently orient the part as
03:37well
03:38and keep the camera at approximately 90 degree to the image that is being captured. So this is the key
03:45and finally we have to save these images
03:49and can be used and then further these images can be used in the CAD software. So let's demonstrate this
03:59procedure
04:08so for this case we will be using a freely available parametric CAD modeling software known as FreeCAD
04:19so the FreeCAD user interface actually looks like this so we're going to go to the file
04:29and we'll create a new document and after that we're going to import a two-dimensional photograph
04:42that we want to use and let's suppose that we want to use this
04:48image so this image appears here
04:53now we have to set a scale and as you can notice that already a steel scale
04:59is being attached with this part so it will be easy for us to calibrate the photograph
05:11so we're going to use the XY plane which is the default plane
05:14and we're going to maybe we can click this so that the photograph becomes horizontal
05:26and then we have to click but before clicking the calibrate we will going to yes
05:38so we can start from here and go up to here or maybe we can go up further more to
05:47this point
05:49and then we can type the known dimension which is here the 20 millimeters and click apply on the
05:57calibration window here we haven't actually changed anything else so now the photograph has been
06:06calibrated by the software we have to close this one
06:13and we're going to use a new sketch
06:26yes so the sketch appears here we're going to use the XY base plane
06:39okay again we can zoom this a bit bring it here
06:48and that what what we actually now want to do is we have to trace this this part
06:59okay so in order to make a three-dimensional solid out of this two-dimensional uh photograph
07:08we need to use a tool that is a polyline tool here
07:21so
07:24let's actually
07:29start from here
07:33i don't start from here
07:47and then we just have to approximately move
07:54our mouse button click here
08:02then maybe we click here
08:32the
08:32good thing about this poly tool is that if we press the m key on the on the keyboard
08:40this poly tool will going to change its function for example if i click the m
08:49alphabet m on my on my keyboard once you see it actually becomes perpendicular
09:00if i use three times then it becomes a curve
09:16it's not
09:47you can again hit the volume tool here
09:51and start from this point
09:54so
10:05you
10:12you
10:14you
10:45Maybe we can start like this, delete this one.
11:01And again click the poly tool.
11:10So first let's draw the curve section.
11:31Yeah, now it is tracing the curve approximately.
11:36And we can...
13:38We have actually approximately traced the
13:42outline of this part and as you can see that we have used this polyline to perform this task and
13:53the good
13:54thing about this polyline is that we can press the M key on the keyboard and this polyline will
14:02going to keep on changing its modes so it can sketch a straight line or series of straight
14:13lines and then it can switch to the curve mode and then maybe lines that are at some angle or
14:23maybe perpendicular so as you can see here that in this figure we have used a curve profile as well
14:32along with certain straight line portions so now the profiling or the tracing has been completed we
14:42can actually close this window and if we actually close this image scaled image file then we can see
15:01the profile that we have traced so here is the profile it is green in color which is indicating
15:09that the profile has been sketched correctly and it is a closed curve with a curved section here and a
15:19slightly curved section here at the end so each and every points are joined this represents the
15:25approximate outside profile of the of the part and now in order to convert this into a three-dimensional
15:33solid body we can use a command here that will going to extrude this two-dimensional profile in the third
15:46direction and and then this will be converted into a three-dimensional solid so as you can see here
15:56that this is the length of the extrusion here and we can change it to some value like for example
16:03let's say
16:0350 50 50 millimeters and click OK and so you can see here that now this part has been converted
16:14into a
16:15three-dimensional solid now further editing can be done for example we can create some fillets or some
16:36chamfers maybe holes or other kind of profiles in the solid body so this is the procedure how we can
16:48use two-dimensional photographs and convert them into three-dimensional solids by using some kind of CAD software in this
16:58case we have used
17:03only the minimal set of tools or options we have used for example the polyline its various options by hitting
17:17the M key and then the pad command
17:22so thank you for watching
