00:00The Peace Agreement turned 10 years old and its first point not only shows delays,
00:05but today it faces a cut that would take away nearly half of its budget.
00:09This is the Comprehensive Rural Reform,
00:11a crucial point that sought to attack the roots of the conflict in Colombia
00:14and proposed, in the words of that same text, a transformation of the field.
00:18A decade ago, both the negotiators of Juan Manuel Santos's government
00:21as those from the former FARC agreed that this would be
00:24the first section of that 300-page document.
00:28What began through secret conversations and furtive meetings in the Cuban capital
00:33It reached its first consensus on the importance of an agrarian discussion
00:37and it took more than six months to materialize.
00:40And it took several measures taken by that administration
00:43which involved acknowledging the existence of the armed conflict itself.
00:47In October 2026 the outlook is completely different.
00:51President Abelardo de las Pellas focused on selling during his campaign
00:54which would be an agro-industrial revolution for the countryside,
00:58with a shift towards formalization and the provision of credit in land policy.
01:03But in addition to that, the presentation currently being discussed in Congress
01:07For the 2027 budget, the reform would lose 7.84 trillion pesos compared to 2026.
01:14with 45% less in resources.
01:16Those would be in the ANT, the ART and the URT.
01:19But why is it so impactful?
01:20Because according to the Croc Institute, by November 2025
01:23only 9% of the provisions in that section had been fully implemented.
01:28In comparison, 20% were in an intermediate state and 67% in a minimal state.
01:33Figures from the ANT, for example, reveal that of the goal of 3 million hectares
01:37allocated to landless peasants,
01:39That number has only reached 72,880, which represents 2.4% of the total.
01:45The United Nations verification mission has also set its sights on it
01:49in the uneven implementation of national reform plans.
01:53According to high-level sources consulted by El Espectador,
01:56The reasons behind this disparity stem from two points.
02:00The lack of institutional coordination and physical security.
02:04The first part is essential in a section that includes not only institutions
02:08that were born from that agreement, but also ministries and other entities of a national nature.
02:13The second part becomes more urgent when criminal structures grow
02:20It was close to 90% in the last four years,
02:23according to a report presented by the current Minister of the Interior, Rodrigo Lara.
02:27Entities in charge of implementation point out that it is a vicious circle
02:32which posits the lack of security as both the cause and the result of the lack of territorial development.
02:38Therein also lies part of the difficulty in guaranteeing legal certainty in the delivery,
02:43awarding and formalization of the land.
02:46The agreement raised the need for a multipurpose land registry,
02:50But its modernization is complicated by the presence of criminal groups
02:54and the lack of constant updates.
02:57Basically, interoperability between cadastre and registry is progressing without being consolidated.
03:02complete traceability between people, rights and properties.
03:06Those who have had a hand in the implementation of the Comprehensive Rural Reform
03:10They recognize that it is key to overcoming the bilateral nature of the agreement,
03:13because, in addition to addressing the structural causes of the conflict,
03:17It moves away from the narrative between the State and the perpetrators to focus on the victims as the direct beneficiary.
03:22That crucial aspect for ending the conflict still has shortcomings
03:27and it faces not only a government that does not look favorably upon what was agreed in Havana,
03:31also to a growth of criminal structures in the very territories he promised to change.
03:37If you want to know more, you can follow us on all our social media channels.
03:40and go to the politics page of El Espectador.
04:01Thanks for watching the video.
