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00:00Fun fact! Olympic synchronized swimmers, now renamed artistic swimmers, don't usually wear
00:06swim caps. When they compete, they put Nox gelatin in their hair. The result resembles
00:11unflavored jello. Athletes mix the gelatin with water, and it turns into a gooey mixture.
00:17After that, they comb and brush the substance into their hair, pull it into a bun, and put
00:22a headpiece over it. When it all dries, it becomes really hard, and swimmers' hair doesn't fall out
00:28when they swim. They often add glitter and other decorations to make their hairstyles even more
00:33exciting. The blanket octopus is called this way because of the females of this species.
00:39They're supersized and rarely seen. They have a long, fleshy cape which encloses their tentacles.
00:45Female octopuses are large, up to 6.5 feet in length. Thanks to this cape, they look even larger and
00:52much more intimidating to potential predators. But the coolest thing about these creatures is that
00:57the male blanket octopus grows to be a mere 1 inch in length, which is smaller than a walnut.
01:02This makes the blanket octopus a species with the largest gender-sized difference in the entire
01:08animal kingdom. Red Bull has published a video showing the so-called world's fastest camera drone
01:15following a racing car around Silverstone's Grand Prix circuit. The Dutch drone gods are a company that
01:22custom-built the manually piloted drone designed specifically for keeping up with cars moving at
01:27speeds of over 186 miles per hour. It took more than a year for Red Bull and the Dutch drone
01:33gods to
01:34create a drone that could accelerate twice as fast as a Formula One car, reaching this breakneck speed in
01:40just 4 seconds. The drone's top speed is almost 220 miles per hour.
01:46Recently, scientists have concluded that water might not be wet. You see, wetness is usually
01:52defined as a liquid's ability to maintain contact with a solid surface. It means that the water
01:58itself isn't wet, but it can make other objects wet. Okay.
02:04The Maldives' 1,000 rufia banknote has captured the attention of people from all over the world and
02:11receive a lot of praise for its stunning design. The note features the striped pattern of a skin of a
02:16majestic whale shark and a green sea turtle against a vibrant blue backdrop. It's already been called
02:23the prettiest currency in the world. Now, wearing a tie might be more dangerous than you think.
02:30It can reduce blood flow to the brain by 7.5%, making you dizzy and nauseous and causing headaches.
02:37Ties can also increase the pressure in your eyes if it's too tight. Plus, they're great at
02:43transporting germs. Gotta think again whether following that dress code is so necessary.
02:49A young girl from Washington broke a Guinness World Record by putting on 45 sweaters at a local
02:55library. Sophia Hayden pulled on each sweater individually all the way down to her waist before
03:01moving on to the next one. It was done to comply with Guinness World Record rules. She also had to
03:07make sure that none of those sweaters was ripped, since damaged items didn't count. As a result,
03:13she broke the record for the most sweaters worn at once. The previous record was 40 sweaters,
03:18and it was set by a French 11-year-old boy in 2022. Later, Sophia's mother admitted that it had
03:25been tricky to gather enough sweaters for that attempt. The sweaters were then donated to charity.
03:30Now, it was Louis XIV of France who is believed to have brought salt and pepper together,
03:36forming the basis for modern cooking. At that time, only rich people could afford to add pepper to
03:41their meals, and the king liked his food to be lightly seasoned with just salt and pepper.
03:51Our sun produces a sound, but sadly, we can't hear it. It's emitted in the form of pressure waves,
03:58and their wavelength is measured in hundreds of miles. It means they're far beyond the range of human
04:04hearing. Now, while we're on the topic of space, let's discuss the fact that our solar system has a
04:11wall surrounding it. Well, kind of. It's called the heliopods, and it's the region of space where
04:17solar wind isn't hot enough to push back the wind of particles coming from distant stars. That's why
04:23this region is often considered the boundary between the solar system and interstellar space.
04:29Another space fact for you. Comets smell like rotten eggs. I know, ew. Other smells that might
04:36surround them are those of burning matches and even almonds. That's because of the traces of hydrogen
04:42sulfide, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen cyanide found in the makeup of some comets. In 2016,
04:50promotional postcards were even made, carrying the pungent scent of a comet.
04:55Now, in any career field, the average worker is productive for around 60% of their working time
05:01each day. But if we talk about office workers, this percentage drops drastically. One study
05:07determined that the average office worker is productive for a mere 2 hours and 23 minutes per
05:13day. The thing is, employees are interrupted in general every 3 minutes and 5 seconds. And it
05:19takes people a whopping 23 minutes to get refocused after an interruption. It means that employees
05:25get 3 minutes of work done for every 26 minutes they spend at their workplace. Unbelievable. No wonder
05:31that statistically, people working remotely are much more productive. Scottish soccer team Inverness
05:39Caledonian Thistle Football Club is known for using cameras with AI ball tracking to live stream their
05:46matches on YouTube. Well, once, in a 2020 match against our United, to be precise, when a camera
05:52repeatedly tracked an official's bald head, mistaking it for the soccer ball. Uh-oh, what a blunder.
06:01Now, speaking of sports, football teams wearing red kits reportedly play better.
06:07Accordingly, the color of your attire affects not only how you're perceived by others,
06:11but also how you feel. A review of football matches in the past 55 years has shown that teams
06:18wearing red consistently play better in home matches than teams dressed in any other color.
06:25One more awesome story connected to sports. In order to draw some of the most wanted criminals
06:31out of hiding, the U.S. Marshals Service once came up with an offer crooks couldn't resist.
06:36They invited them to the Super Bowl. In December 1985, more than 100 people came to the Washington
06:43Convention Center after receiving a letter informing them that they had won tickets to
06:48the largest sporting event in the country. According to the invites, they had been selected
06:53randomly from a clearinghouse list of D.C. residents and were supposed to receive two tickets to the
06:59Redskins vs. Bengals game that day. But to get in, they had to come to a pre-game party to
07:05collect
07:05their tickets. And guess what? The plan worked like a charm. Over 100 criminals were arrested,
07:12which made Operation Flagship one of the most successful in U.S. police history.
07:18Now moving on. Your brain is eating itself non-stop. Wait, don't panic yet. It's a totally
07:24normal process known as phagocytosis. During this process, cells envelop and consume smaller cells or
07:31molecules to remove them from the system. Luckily, phagocytosis isn't harmful. It actually helps
07:37preserve your gray matter, keeping it in top shape. Boy, I could use more of that.
07:42Giraffes are 30 times more likely to get hit by lightning than people. Between 1996 and 2010,
07:50there were just 5 documented lightning strikes on giraffes that ended tragically. But if we consider
07:56the fact that the population of the species was just 140,000 at that time, it makes for around 0
08:02.003
08:03lightning casualties per 1,000 giraffes each year. This is 30 times more than the number of tragic
08:10accidents involving lightning strikes that happen to people. Animals experience time differently from
08:17us humans. To smaller animals, the world around them moves more slowly. For instance, salamanders and
08:23lizards experience time not as fast as, let's say, dogs and cats. All because of the perception of
08:30time, which depends on how quickly the brain can process incoming information. And finally,
08:37snails do have teeth. Between 1,000 and 12,000, to be precise. These teeth aren't like ours, though.
08:44So there's no need to picture snails with silly, toothy grins. Snails' minuscule teeth are all over
08:50their file-like tongues. So there. Okay, so right after being processed, plastic water bottles aren't
08:58the size you buy at the store. Even a gallon water bottle starts its life as a small tube. Later,
09:04it gets heated, inflated, and shaped into the bottle you know. Boy, I can relate to the heated and
09:09inflated part. Now, not all potato chips are actually fried potato slices. Some companies use a mix of
09:17potato flakes, cornstarch, and water to produce chips. This mix is then pressed into a dough,
09:23and chips are cut out from it with the help of shape molds. Then the chips are fried, which takes
09:29about 11 seconds. After that, all excess oil gets drained, and the chips are seasoned and packed.
09:36There's a legend that only two people in the world know the original recipe that gives Coca-Cola its
09:42signature taste. These people aren't allowed to travel together so that the recipe never gets
09:47lost. Even though it's just a popular legend, not many people are aware of all the ingredients of the
09:53world-famous drink. One of them used to be the cola nut. Hey, I used to be a cola nut.
10:00You can find
10:01these nuts inside the fruit of the cola tree. Each fruit is about the size of a chestnut and has
10:07between
10:07two and five cola nuts inside. The cola fruit and nuts are packed with caffeine.
10:14Nowadays, Coca-Cola is said to no longer contain the cola nut extract. It's rumored to have been
10:20replaced with artificial flavoring. But since the drink's recipe is such a closely guarded secret,
10:26no one knows for sure. Hey, maybe we can ask Pepsi!
10:31These days, it's quite simple to make a mirror. Producers take a regular sheet of glass as a base.
10:36Then, they apply a reflective coating. This usually means spraying a thin layer of either silver or
10:42aluminum onto the back of the sheet of glass. This process is called silvering.
10:49Some kinds of car wax contain carnauba wax, also called Brazil wax. That's a vegetable wax people
10:56get from the fronds of the carnauba tree growing in Brazil. To get the wax, the leaves of this tree
11:01first get dried and then beaten. This is how you can remove the powdery wax.
11:09Now, pencils! First, their leads are made by mixing clay and graphite powder.
11:14This mixture is then baked. After that, pencil bodies are made. If they're wooden,
11:20the material should be chosen carefully. It should be soft enough to sharpen but tough enough not to break.
11:27When the pre-cut sections are delivered to the factory, they have grooves cut in them. These
11:32grooves will later accommodate the leads. Then special glue is added. This way, the leads will
11:37stay in place. Next, every second section is sent to a special conveyor, and the leads are placed in
11:43the grooves. Then another section is glued to the one filled with leads. We get a large multi-pencil
11:49sandwich. Mmm, sandwich, I'm getting hungry. The two parts of this sandwich get compressed and cut
11:55lengthwise. Then they're shaped and form separate pencils. Lava lamps were invented in the middle of
12:03the 20th century. The magic happening inside is due to the right amount and type of ingredients.
12:09Two of them are oil and paraffin wax. The oil helps the wax heat up, and once it's heated,
12:15it starts rising up slowly. Once the blob reaches the surface, it cools down and sinks back to the
12:22bottom. Now, nutmeg is a strongly flavored spice used in many cuisines all over the globe.
12:29Despite its name, nutmeg isn't a nut. It's technically a seed native to the Spice Islands and East Indies
12:36tropical islands. Nutmeg grows on trees, and the seed itself is sealed in a shell. Once it's ripe,
12:42the outer shell cracks open. Chocolate comes from the cacao tree, which is native to the Amazon.
12:50These trees also grow in Central and South America and some other tropical climates in Africa and Asia.
12:57The seeds of the cacao tree are very bitter. They have to be fermented to develop the flavor you're
13:03used to. After this process, the beans get dried, cleaned, and roasted. The shell is removed, and
13:09crumbled bits of dried cocoa beans are ground to cocoa mass. This mass is then used in the production of
13:16all kinds of chocolatey things.
13:20In the past, people used to chew different types of aromatic substances, including beeswax, tree resin,
13:26or even aromatic twigs. But modern-day chewing gum is made of a natural latex-like ingredient called
13:33chicle. It gets extracted from trees. Modern marbles are made from glass. The first step is
13:41to melt recycled glass and previously rejected marbles that turned out to be too small or too big.
13:47About 15 hours later, the molten glass is ready for processing.
13:52A special cutter bar moves through the stream of liquid glass every half a second. It separates small
13:58pieces of glass. There are future marbles called slugs. The faster the cutter bar moves, the smaller
14:05the marbles are. After that, the still-hot slugs are sent through several constantly rotating metal
14:12rollers. They keep the slugs apart and also cool them. These ridged rollers also give the marbles their
14:18spherical shape. As for the marble's final coloring, it's determined already at the melting stage.
14:24That's when the air passes the coloring through the glass.
14:29You can find springs everywhere, from tools, electronics, and toys to pens and mattresses.
14:35They come in different forms. For example, torsion, wire, extension, or compression springs.
14:42When a spring is made, a steel cord is passed to a derailer. How thick this cord is depends on
14:48what
14:48kind of spring we need. The derailer unwinds the roll and sends the cord to a computer-controlled
14:54forming machine. That's where the cord gets coiled to the needed length and cut into pieces.
15:01Now, to produce tomato ketchup, one of my favorites, you need tomato paste or puree,
15:07sugar, or some other natural sweetener, salt, spices, vinegar, and onion powder. First,
15:13the needed volume of the tomato paste is heated while being constantly stirred. Then other ingredients
15:19are added as well. Before the ketchup is bottled, it has to go through several cooling stages.
15:25Meanwhile, bottles are already aligned and waiting to be filled with the ketchup. This usually happens
15:31automatically. At the end of this process, caps and labels are added to the bottles.
15:37Cashew nuts are rich in plant protein, healthy fats, and fiber, and low in sugar. But they're
15:44some of the most expensive nuts out there. And no wonder! The cashew tree, native to tropical regions
15:49of Brazil, produces a long stalk called a cashew apple. It resembles a small pear. Well then,
15:56why don't they just call it a cashew pear? Anyway, at the end of this stalk, there's a kidney-shaped
16:01nut.
16:03It's protected by a double shell that contains a poisonous, oily substance. It's the main reason
16:09cashews aren't sold in their shells like peanuts or pistachios. Cashews need to be dried and roasted
16:14first. This removes the toxins and makes the shell brittle and much easier to remove.
16:21Nail polish, as we know it today, is a rather modern invention. It became popular at the beginning of the
16:2820th century. Different companies use different kinds of chemicals and ingredients to produce nail
16:33polish. But one of these ingredients is always the same, nitrocellulose. This substance is actually
16:39liquid, but it gets mixed with plasticizers. They make nail polish more flexible and allow you to wear it
16:45longer. The process of creating ice cream sandwiches is pretty simple. First, ice cream gets whipped. It's
16:54done to add some air. The resulting substance is then sent to the next part of the assembly.
16:59Their two lines of wafers are already sandwiched together, and ice cream is simultaneously injected
17:05between them. It happens so quickly that more than a hundred ice cream sandwiches can be made in a minute.
17:11How many can I eat in a minute?
17:15There are all kinds of plastic brooms out there, but there's one type that's made from recycled plastic
17:21bottles. With people buying one million plastic bottles all over the world, it's a cool way to reuse
17:27plastic. Tires production is a multi-step process. Tires are made from more than 15 main ingredients.
17:36Among them, there's synthetic and natural rubber, carbon black pigment, and chemical additives.
17:43Giant mixers stir these ingredients under high pressure and temperature.
17:46The final result is almost always thin rubber gum. It gets rolled into sheets. After that,
17:53tires get assembled on a special machine. Different kinds of cloth, rubber, and metal are used for the
17:59production of a tire. Finally, the tire gets cured in a special press under more than 300 degrees of
18:05heat and high pressure. This process lasts for 12 to 15 minutes.
18:11When they make darts, the flight shafts are produced first. Ten-foot-long aluminum rods are
18:17put into a special machine. It has a few cutting tools that work from several angles at the same time.
18:23The rod turns into shafts. There are threads cut into each flight shaft so that it can be later
18:29attached to the dart barrel. That's the part you hold and fling. On the other end, a cross saw makes
18:35slots for the aero flights. At the same time, brass rods turn into the barrels on another machine.
18:43Grooves are cut into the barrel surface. This makes them easier to hold. And finally, they produce a dart
18:49point. It's done with the help of a hydraulic press. It forces pointed steel into the hollow part of the
18:55barrel. And darts all there is about how they make darts. Road and construction workers are usually
19:02dressed in orange because the bright orange hue is visible even in bad weather. It's the most
19:08effective color to attract attention and alert people. No wonder lots of safety jackets and
19:12traffic cones are orange as well. The stop sign has an eight-sided shape to help drivers recognize
19:18it easily, even if they see it from the back. And when the signs weren't reflective yet, the octagon
19:24shape prevented drivers from confusing the stop sign with any other at night. The rumble strips on the
19:30side of the road are placed there to alert drivers who doze off behind the wheel. When their tires move
19:36over these strips, the noise and vibration work like an alarm clock. There are magnetic locks on fuel
19:42hoses at gas stations. They come in handy if someone drives away with the gas nozzle still attached to
19:47their car. In this case, the lock detaches the hose automatically. Oh, that's embarrassing. Gasoline looks like
19:54a rainbow in a puddle because it can't mix with water. It forms a thin membrane over it. When light
20:00reflects from it and the water at the same time, you've got a rainbow. A triple handle on a jerry
20:07can
20:07is there to make it easier for two people to carry it and distribute fuel evenly. Gas cans often have
20:13a
20:14second hole that actually needs to be uncapped too before you pour the gas. The air passage will prevent
20:19it from pouring out so no more fuel waste. Most gas cans have two holes with caps, a bigger and
20:26a
20:26smaller one. You're supposed to uncap the smaller hole before pouring gas inside the bigger one.
20:32It'll prevent the liquid from glugging and spilling all over your clothes and the ground.
20:37Another little thingy we often neglect is a point on an ointment cap. Most tubes are usually sealed with
20:43a plastic film or a foil and opening it with your fingernails isn't the best idea. A point easily
20:49opens even the most safely sealed tube. You can use most screwdrivers together with a wrench to
20:56create more torque. Just place the wrench over the handle of the screwdriver. This way, you'll need
21:02to apply a lot less force than before. You'll also be able to get to hard to reach areas more
21:07easily.
21:09They install cameras in shops, banks and hospitals to monitor everything. If something happens, you can
21:15call the police or rescuers. The camera really helps to solve a lot of problems. Why are there no cameras
21:21on planes? The crew keep order on the plane, but they won't be able to do anything if something serious
21:28happens. Besides, there's nowhere to run on the plane. During the flight, the cameras are useless and
21:34after the flight, the words of the passengers work ideally instead of cameras. So, if cameras do no good,
21:41then why spend money on them? Water is great at cleaning stuff because it has triangular molecules.
21:47They're made of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, um, H2O. Such molecules have slightly different
21:54charges on their opposite sides, pretty much like magnets. That's why water easily sticks to other
21:59molecules, including those that make up dirt. Lots of private houses have triangular shaped roofs
22:05because this allows rain, snow, and fallen leaves to slide off the slope. If all this stuff piled up
22:11on top of your house, one day, your roof would collapse. When a storm is coming, clouds seem to turn
22:18dark, but it's just an illusion. Thin clouds on a sunny day let the light through easily. They also
22:24scatter all the colors of the light spectrum. This makes us perceive the clouds as white, but the thicker
22:30the clouds are and the more water droplets they contain, the less light they let through and the
22:35darker they look. A good doorknob is the one made of brass, bronze, or some copper alloys. These metals
22:43have an anti-germ effect. Bacteria spread way slower on them. They also get rid of germs pretty fast,
22:50within a couple of hours. Nope, it doesn't mean you don't have to wash your hands. Diamonds have such
22:56symmetrical shape to show you their brilliance. Initially, the gems aren't so beautiful. They go
23:02through several stages of cutting and then become pieces of elegance. Most of these stones have a
23:08round shape with slightly pointed corners. Diamonds shine the brightest in this shape.
23:14Why are there two holes in the socket? The left hole is neutral, the right hole is not,
23:20and the gap underneath is ground. Electricity needs to flow through the chain.
23:25The current flows from the hot slot, passes through your phone charger, for example, and then goes
23:30through the neutral hole. Ever wondered what that small pocket on your jeans is for? People used to
23:36wear watches on chains. That small pocket was meant for it. Now almost no one wears such a watch,
23:43but the pocket remains. You can still keep something small in there like a ring. In London, there are some
23:49poles that look like street lamps, but there are no bulbs. Well, their official name is
23:54stink pipes, and they're a thing of the past now, but they used to come in handy back in the
23:5919th
24:00century. These hollow poles would vent away the air and explosive gases with bad smells to prevent,
24:06shall we say, unwanted consequences. Most kitchen shears have metal plier-like teeth in the middle.
24:13Between the handle grips, they can help you crack nuts, crab shells, and other tough products. You can also
24:19open jars and bottles or remove herb stems with their help. Leather often looks dull to the eye
24:26because it's covered with itsy-bitsy scratches and scrapes. They scatter the light that hits the
24:31material. When you coat your shoes in a layer of wax, you fill these tiny crevices. The surface
24:37becomes smoother, and the rays of light bounce off it more evenly. That's why the leather looks shiny.
24:44Highlighters are filled with a special semi-transparent fluorescent ink that can glow in dim light.
24:50Yellow and light green hues are the most popular because they don't prevent you from seeing the
24:55text after black and white photocopying. Photocopiers perceive yellow and light green marks as very pale
25:02and don't print them. They make magnets shaped as a horseshoe because this increases the magnetic force.
25:08Colors matter too. The blue part indicates the south pole, the red part the north pole. The two poles
25:15work simultaneously and increase the attraction force. The dime-sized holes in elevator doors is
25:22actually a keyhole. If the doors get stuck, an operator can open them manually thanks to this hole.
25:28They'll just insert a special key. The tiny hole in the airplane window is there to balance air pressure.
25:35The window has three layers. The outer pane is extremely sturdy. It can withstand air pressure
25:42differences during takeoff and landing. The inner pane, which is the closest to you, is made of cheaper
25:47materials. It prevents potential damage to the window. The hole itself is in the middle pane. It not only
25:54balances the pressure but also prevents the window from fogging. Escalator brushes are there for your
26:01safety. They don't allow you to come too close to the edge of the escalator. This way, your clothes
26:06won't end up between the steps. You see the sun as yellow or orange because the atmosphere of our
26:13planet scatters such colors as blue, green and violet. This is also why the sun looks warmer at sunrise and
26:20sunset. Go shopping for some oranges and I'm sure you'll get them in a red mesh bag. You'll rarely see
26:27them lying around without one of those. It's pure marketing and that color isn't a random choice.
26:32When packed in a red mesh bag, oranges appear more orange, fresher, and more appealing to you.
26:38So you're more likely to buy them, right? Lemons are usually sold in green mesh bags for a similar
26:44reason. If you pack them in red, they'll appear more orange. Green goes better with yellow and makes
26:50those lemons stand out. Mattress manufacturers make a limited number of different mattresses
26:56and the only way to make them look different is to come up with a fancy stitching pattern.
27:01Two mattresses of two different companies might be the exact same quality but cost differently.
27:06Most people will never know it and will decide that different patterns
27:10need something in terms of quality. So when shopping, don't mind the pattern at all.
27:16Almost all hotels have white bed sheets. They choose this color specifically to show how high
27:21their standards of cleanliness are. The whiter and brighter the sheets are, the more luxurious the
27:27hotel seems. It's much easier to see dirt and stains on white linen. It's like proof that you've checked
27:33into a clean room. I have a collection of questions you've always wanted the answers to. Let's go!
27:41First, an observation. Cookies and baguettes are basically kinds of bread. So my question is,
27:49why when left outside for the night, a cookie gets soft and a baguette becomes hard?
27:55It doesn't make any sense. Well, the thing is, cookies are sugary bread. The sugar and salt in them soak
28:03up the moisture from the atmosphere, so they get soft.
28:08Baguettes don't have much salt and sugar, so they don't attract water and just dry out.
28:15Super glue sticks everything to everything, but how come it doesn't get stuck to the tube?
28:21Turns out that the glue needs some compound with hydrogen to polymerize.
28:27In the tube, there's just oxygen and no water. But outside, there's plenty of moisture.
28:33Also, this explains why the stuff always sticks so well to your fingers. They're warm and perfectly moist.
28:43I'm sure you cried at least once when cutting an onion. Why does it happen?
28:48So onions and garlic contain amino acids, and one of the compounds gets decomposed when being sliced.
28:55It turns into an irritator when it comes in contact with water. In particular, your eyes.
29:02Your eyes release tears to wash the irritant away, so that's why you cry.
29:07There are a couple of tricks that can prevent it. When cutting an onion, try keeping a sugar cube between
29:13your teeth. It'll absorb the irritant. Another life hack is to hold a small piece of bread between your lips.
29:22Why do you see things when rubbing your eyes? These colors and shapes are called phosphenes.
29:28The reason why you see them is that when rubbing, you increase the pressure in your eyeballs and
29:33activate the neurons of the retina that process visual information. Once they're activated,
29:39your brain interprets it as seeing something. When you don't get enough sleep or are just too tired,
29:47you get those dark circles around your eyes. Want to know why? The skin under the eyes is very thin,
29:54so blood vessels are very close to the surface there and you can see any difference easily. If you have
30:00a
30:00lack of sleep, your skin gets paler and the blood vessels are even more visible. So you can see those
30:07dark circles showing through the skin. Also, with age, the skin naturally gets thinner, so that's why
30:13older people tend to have dark circles. But if you're young, just try to get more sleep.
30:20Let's pay a bit of attention to backpacks. They have a few interesting features. First,
30:27some of them have sternum straps and they are quite helpful. They allow you to redistribute the weight of
30:32the backpack a bit, lifting some of it from your shoulders. Not much, but just enough to make your
30:39backpack lighter and easier to carry. And of course, the sternum straps prevent the shoulder straps
30:45from sliding off. Okay, the next thing is gear loops. And probably from the name of it, you already
30:53have an idea of what you need them for. You can strap in some useful gear you need with you,
30:58like trekking
30:59pools or shovels. Some gear will need to be secured to do it. Drop the handle through the loop and
31:05rotate
31:05it upward. Then, secure it with the elastic hook at the top and you're golden. And yes, all backpacks
31:14have loops. Actually, I never thought of their purpose until today. Some people say that if you
31:19slide your thumbs through them, it makes the backpack sit tighter on your back, making it more comfortable.
31:26Other people just rest their hands there. But the reason why they're there is probably to prevent the ends
31:31from sliding back from the buckles. That would be quite a headache to slide them back all the time, right?
31:40Okay, let's look into some other ordinary stuff we've never paid attention to.
31:44Let's take, for example, jeans. They have those metal rivets. It turns out that they've been there as long as
31:52jeans exist.
31:53Jacob Davis, the man who made the first pair of jeans, added copper rivets to places where the pants were
32:00more likely to rip to make them stronger. So, it was a crucial detail to keep jeans together.
32:07Today, they have a more decorative purpose because they're distinctive and traditional for jeans.
32:14Also, many zippers have the letters YKK engraved on them. Those are the initial letters of Yoshida
32:22Kogyo Kabushiki Gaisha. It's the name of a Japanese company that can be translated as
32:27Yoshida Manufacturing Shareholding Company. It's the largest zipper manufacturer in the world,
32:34so all zippers produced by them are marked with these letters. It's estimated that the company
32:40produces half of all zippers in the world. That's why you see their zippers more often than any others.
32:49Have you noticed that canned and bottled soda seems to taste different? You're not wrong.
32:55That's actually true, and there's even science behind it. Chemists say that aluminum cans have
33:02a polymer layer that absorbs some of the soda's taste, so cans indeed change the taste. Chemicals in
33:09a plastic bottle can add some acetaldehyde, a byproduct that gets formed while plastic is melted,
33:15to the drink. So, they also change the taste a bit. You never really drink the original drink.
33:21If you want to try the real thing, buy sodas in glass bottles. When soda is stored this way,
33:28its taste is the most similar to the original one.
33:33Plastic bottles with soft drinks have five bumps on the bottom, and water and juice plastic bottles
33:39have almost flat bottoms, except for a little kink. It's not random. A plastic bottle is made by putting
33:46a plastic tube into a mold and blowing some air inside to make it expand until it takes the needed
33:53shape. The problem is that at the bottom, the bottle will always have an outward kink that will
33:59make the bottle unstable. To avoid it, some air is also pushed inward from the bottom, creating that
34:07small punt at the base of it. Flat bottle bottoms are common because they need less plastic to be made,
34:14but soft drinks and sparkling water need special treatment. These liquids have internal pressure
34:20that can push the plastic outward, messing up with the punt and the stable form of a bottle.
34:27So, soda bottles have a curved shape because this way they're more pressure resistant.
34:34Compare folding a regular piece of paper to folding a paper tube. The latter will have more resistance.
34:40In the same way, curved plastic is more resistant to any pressure.
34:47Take a closer look at your bag of chips. You can probably find these little colored circles.
34:53They're made by the manufacturer to test the print that is used on the package.
34:58They're called color control patches. The circles are not the same palette as the final package.
35:04They're layered on top of each other to achieve the final color of the bag.
35:10So, why do manufacturers need them again? Imagine that something is off and the printing
35:15machine prints a bunch of wrong packages. That's a lot of wasted money. So, these control patches are
35:23there to make sure that the final print is going to be correct. If they're off, the manufacturer will
35:28know that the whole package is going to be off too. These patches allow the printers to find a surplus
35:36or a deficiency of color and solve the issue. But don't worry if you don't find these circles.
35:42They probably just got cut off. Take a good look at a milk jug. There's often an inverted circle on
35:50one
35:50of the sides. This dimple is there to make the jug more resistant and to prevent it from rupturing if
35:57the
35:57jug falls on the floor. The dimple gives some more space for the liquid to expand. Also, as the expiration
36:05date approaches, the microbes in the milk start to expel some gases. As more and more of them get
36:12trapped inside, the pressure in the jug rises. The dimple accommodates the expansion and prevents
36:18the jug from bursting.
36:24So, you can wash your hands as much as you want, but you're never going to get that garlic or
36:29onion
36:29smell off your hands. The smell of certain foods sticks to you because they release acidic molecules
36:34when you break them open. Watching your hands will help clean the food off you, but it doesn't do
36:39anything to remove the odor itself. Water on its own can actually make the issue even worse because it
36:45reacts with the molecules to make the smell stronger. It turns out that the best way to get rid of
36:51these
36:51smells is to rub your hands against your pots and pans, cutlery, and baking trays. As long as they're
36:57made of stainless steel, that is. This is so good at removing smells that someone even invented stainless
37:03steel soap. Trying to squeeze all of the juice out of a lemon without a strainer can be messy work.
37:09Instead of using your hands, try using some tongs. Place a lemon between the tongs and squeeze it.
37:16You'll definitely get a lot more juice with much less effort.
37:20Lynch rollers were originally designed to remove tiny fibers from things like upholstery and clothing.
37:26But you can also use them to keep your silverware shiny and clean. The dishwasher might thoroughly rinse
37:32and clean your utensils, but that doesn't help much if the place you store them is dirty. If you want
37:38to remove the dirt from the utensil tray, you don't have to take the whole thing out of the drawer.
37:43Simply take your sticky lint roller and put it into each compartment. And ta-da! The crumbs and dirt
37:49are all gone. Lost your earring back? Take a small piece of pencil eraser and stick your earring in it.
37:56That'll keep it in place. Soda cans come with that little tab you use to open your drink. You know
38:02that
38:02hole in the top of the tab? It doesn't just make opening the can easier. It's also designed to hold
38:08your straw. It has more uses too. If you want to hang a picture up on a wall but it
38:14doesn't have a
38:14wire or hanger, you can use a soda can tab for that too. You're having a coffee to go. It
38:21usually comes
38:21with that lid so you can close your drink, but you can also use it as a coaster. Take it
38:27off, turn it
38:27upside down, place it under your cup, and you'll never leave a mark on a table again.
38:33If you don't know how much spaghetti to have for dinner, there's an easy way to measure out a
38:38portion with a spaghetti spoon. The base of the spoon has a hole so you can drain water out,
38:43but it can also be used to measure how much pasta you should cook. Whatever fits in the spoon's hole
38:49is one serving of pasta. You opened applesauce and don't have a spoon with you. No need to buy one.
38:56Just take the lid, twist the end to make a handle, and use the other end as a scoop.
39:01Your little spoon is ready. Once your tissue box is empty, you don't have to throw it away.
39:06It's a great shape to store things in. Maybe you can never seem to remember where you keep
39:11your plastic bags. If you put them in an empty tissue box, you'll always know where they are.
39:18Binder clips are great little things to carry around with you when you want to leave the house,
39:22carrying as few things as possible. Link one together with your keys, and you can just clip
39:27bills to it. With one of these, you'll never need to carry a wallet or purse around with you again.
39:33If you don't have a computer duster or something specifically designed to clean your keyboard,
39:38just use a cotton swab. Lightly moisten it with disinfectant and wipe between the keys once or twice
39:45a week. You may notice lots of boots have those loops sticking out on the back. Their main purpose is
39:51to help you pull your shoes on easier. Just pull it up as you push your heel into the boot.
39:56It has another handy use too. You can use it to hang your boots on a hook when they're dirty
40:01or when
40:02you want to dry them after washing. You can also run your laces through the loop if you're tying them
40:07around your ankles. It can be irritating when you buy shoes you like and then realize they're really
40:13slippery. No worries, just take a bit of sandpaper and rub it on the soles for better traction.
40:19Now they're more grippy. You can even wear them out in the rain.
40:24Okay, I admit it. I used to believe that the rougher end of the two-tone eraser was there to
40:29erase it.
40:30The truth is that the darker side, which is usually blue or gray, can erase pencil from more delicate
40:37paper. This type of paper is usually only used by artists, so most people don't know about it.
40:42That's not all erasers can do, though. They can polish your jewelry, clean electronics,
40:48and even remove that annoying residue from stickers. It can also clean scuffed-up suede
40:53and dirt you might have on your walls. Uh-oh, your zipper got stuck again, and you're late.
40:59Who has time to deal with that now? Well, wax paper does. Try rubbing it on the stuck zipper,
41:06and it should loosen. Can openers can do so much more than the name suggests.
41:12For instance, they can help out with those frustrating hard plastic packages. Arrgh!
41:18You don't have to wrestle with scissors anymore. Just take a regular can opener,
41:22run it along the edge of some packaging, and enjoy never struggling to open anything again.
41:28Now, here's a top secret. WD-40 can completely remove gum from the soles of your shoes. It removes
41:35stickers, labels, and even crayon marks from walls. You could also use it to untangle your
41:41necklaces and loosen a ring if it gets stuck on your finger. Surprise! Now your earphones have a
41:47new holder. Neatly rolling them up in a kinder egg is a cool way to stop them from getting tangled.
41:54Hopefully. Doorknobs are mostly made of brass, and that's not a coincidence.
41:59Sure, it has a nice golden shine to a room, but it actually has a practical reason too. Brass is
42:05generally durable and, most importantly, resistant to all the moisture and oils on human hands.
42:11It's also antibacterial, so brass doorknobs actually help to keep your house more hygienic.
42:18Wooden hangers look fancier and more elegant than those plastic ones,
42:22But that's not the only reason they're more expensive. They're actually made of cedar,
42:27which is a special type of wood that repels bugs. Speaking of the wardrobe,
42:32putting a soap bar inside will leave a refreshing scent on your clothes.
42:37Nail polish is not only for beauty treatments. Thanks to its adhesive and waterproofing abilities,
42:43it's great if you need to make a protective seal or stick some things together. No more licking
42:48envelopes. The nail polish is here. It can also keep your glasses frames tighter,
42:53fix a run in your stockings, guys, or take care of the fraying ends of the shoelaces.
42:58You get a small silica gel packet every time you buy a new pair of shoes. You should keep them,
43:05because silica gel is excellent at absorbing moisture out of the environment. It can be used for
43:10much more than just shoes, though. You know how everyone says if your phone is wet,
43:14you need to put it in a jar with some rice? The rice is supposed to draw the water out,
43:19but silica is even better when it comes to absorbing moisture. You can also put silica
43:24packets in your gym bag to stop any bad smells from building up. Make sure to always be careful
43:30with silica gel, though. The warning label clearly says you shouldn't eat it, because it contains toxic
43:36additives. You're writing an essay on your computer. Almost done? Oh no, the internet's gone! No problem,
43:43there's an easy way to use up some time. If you use Google Chrome, you'll see a little T-Rex
43:49show up
43:50in your browser, right next to no internet. When this fellow appears, just press the up key on the
43:56keyboard, and you'll start a platformer minigame. You need to help the T-Rex run around without hitting
44:02any cactuses on its way. Okay, connection, no need for you to come back. I've got some records to break.
44:09We all know what a thermos is for, but it wasn't actually invented to keep your coffee warm.
44:14It was made by a Scottish scientist who just wanted a safe place to keep his chemicals at a
44:19stable temperature. So he took two bottles, put the smaller one inside the bigger bottle,
44:25and vacuumed out the air between them. Ah, thank you for helping me keep my coffee warm.
44:33How many hidden features are there in your car that you have never heard of?
44:38Most cars these days have everything color-coded under their hoods. It makes it way easier to know
44:43what you need to supervise between services. Like the dipstick, the oil cap, or the coolant.
44:50You can even have a look at the brake and washer fluid. Anything else that's black or gray,
44:56just leave it to the mechanics.
44:59Ever seen a snowflake light on the dashboard of your car?
45:03It's not there to let you know the winter holidays are coming if that's what you're thinking.
45:08It's actually a sensor that indicates the exterior ambient temperature.
45:13It gets activated and pops up the light whenever there's a road warning due to a sharp drop in
45:18temperature. It may sometimes even come on with an audio warning or a message on your dashboard
45:25to warn you that the roads may be getting icy, so you can either adapt the speed or change to
45:30the
45:31appropriate tires if necessary. Most cars come with added features for the summertime too,
45:37like those neat sun visors. Yours might have an added bonus you might want to check out.
45:43We all know they twist to help the driver out when the sun is not shining from the front,
45:47but some of them can also extend so they can provide shade to a larger area.
45:54If you figure out your sun visor doesn't extend, there's a simple solution though.
45:59Buy a sun visor extender. You can even find them online.
46:04They work by being attached to your existing sun visors or windows for better shade coverage and
46:09visibility. Let's find some hidden features at home. It's not rocket science, but there is a
46:17wrong way to make ice in the freezer and that's because you're probably not using the ice cube tray
46:22correctly. They come with that particular shape because you need to fill the trays until there's a
46:28layer of water on the top. This layer will help remove the cubes faster from the tray because it
46:34will crack when twisted and leave each cube poking out. You can then grab them in no time and enjoy
46:41your
46:41drink. If you find that the heat on your oven is too high or you need to cook some delicate
46:47dishes
46:48that require more control over the temperature, there's an easy way to adjust that. The knobs on your
46:55oven should come with calibration screws on their backs. Pop out the plastic knob and adjust it to
47:01your preferences. Be sure to disconnect the oven from any energy source before doing it.
47:07Do you know what your stove and your car have in common? They both have hoods that you can open
47:13if
47:14you need to have a peek or if they need some cleaning. If you look closely at the top of
47:19your kitchen stove,
47:21you will see two hinges located on the back corners. You'll be able to easily lift it up and clean
47:27out
47:27all the grime that's been stuck in there. Ever wondered why glue doesn't stick to the inside of the
47:33bottle? The answer is a bit more complex, depending on the type of glue. But the simple response is,
47:40well, it doesn't have any air in there. PVA glue contains some molecules called polymers and water.
47:48When the glue is out, the water evaporates, leaving just the sticky polymers behind.
47:55Things are more or less the other way around with super glue.
47:59It has a chemical that solidifies as soon as it hits water vapors in the air.
48:05Did you know Microsoft Word has a feature that you can use for references and a bibliography?
48:11It's not only helpful for keeping track of everything, but it also automatically formats
48:16all the information accordingly. If you like to surround yourself with as many house plants as possible,
48:23here's an easy way to figure out if they need watering.
48:27Stick your fingers into its soil. It should give you a better idea than simply looking at the plant's
48:33surface. If you can reach 2 to 3 inches into the soil and feel its dry, the plant most likely
48:39needs
48:39some hydration. However, this trick does tend to work better with smaller potted plants because of
48:46the limited depth. In any case, it's always best to research the plant's needs in terms of watering
48:52and sunlight before committing to a plan. And always be careful not to damage its roots.
48:59Be honest, you indeed have clothes you wear all the time and some that just sit there in the back
49:04of
49:05your closet that you've most likely forgotten about. Here's a neat way to figure out which one is which.
49:11For starters, you'll need to turn all of your hangers backwards. If you really feel like putting
49:16more effort into this project, you can wrap some pieces of electrical tape on the hangers
49:21and write the start date on each. After that, everything is pretty self-explanatory. Each time
49:28you wear a particular item, turn the hanger around, making it face forward. After 6 months or a year,
49:35all those items that have yet to be turned around should go to donations or yard sales.
49:41Another great way to use hangers to help you with your wardrobe organization is to use them for your
49:46scarves. They will be wrinkle-free, but you can also see them a lot better and have a clear view
49:52of
49:52the scarves you actually use and those you should let go of. If you're looking to increase the storage
49:59space in your wardrobe, especially when the season changes, go pick yourself up some vacuum pack
50:05storage bags. After that, you just need to fold your garments or other pieces of laundry like bedding
50:12or blankets for example and place them in the bags. Turn on your vacuum cleaner, place the nozzle on the
50:19bag seal and remove all the extra air from the bag. It helps with reducing the storage size of clothes
50:26and keeps the clothes clean, dry and moth-free. Should you have an empty basket lying around and
50:33you aren't sure if you want to recycle it just yet, you can always repurpose it as a cool lamp.
50:38Wicker baskets work best for this. Just cut a small hole in the bottom of the basket and place a
50:45pendant light kit there. You can even paint it manually or spray paint if you need it to be in
50:50a
50:50particular color. Another way to neatly repurpose things around the house is to use leftover
50:56cookie jars to store dryer balls, but the sky's the limit here. You can also use dryer sheets to
51:03remove dust from screens around your house like computers, laptops or TVs. These items are electrically
51:10charged so they generally attract a lot of dust particles. Dryer sheets are made to reduce static
51:17cling so they won't only remove the dust but also help keep it at bay for a longer period of
51:22time.
51:23Dryer sheets also help out if you're having a bad hair day, believe it or not. They can seriously
51:29help out taming flyaways whenever your frizz just gets out of control. Run one of those dryer sheets
51:36from the roots of your hair all the way down to the tip and be amazed. If there's a particular
51:42type of
51:42soap bar you like the smell of and want to replicate that on your clothes too, pick up one of
51:48those bars to
51:48make a day's clothes fresher. Place it in a fabric and place it anywhere between your clothes. Your
51:56shirts should smell awesome every time you pick them up. You can also save on fabric softener.
52:02I don't know about your washing machine, but mine does love to jump, I'll tell you that. If yours tends
52:08to run out of its designated place, especially during those intense spinning cycles, it happens because it's
52:15not perfectly fixed to the floor. The good thing is that most modern washing machines can self-level
52:21since they come with a pair of legs. Just lift the back of the device off the surface area it
52:27sits on
52:27and it will drop them, locking them into place once it's perfectly leveled.