00:00The Northern Ireland conflict, also known as "The Trouble", was a period of violence and political unrest in
00:05Northern Ireland in the second half of the 20th century.
00:08It began in the late 1960s and is considered to have ended between 1997 and 2007 depending on the interpretation.
00:15Violence continued after this date, but occasionally and on a small scale, while most of the
00:21The warring groups lay down their arms.
00:23The conflict began in the second half of the 1960s with a civil rights movement against segregation.
00:29confessional abuse suffered by the Catholic minority.
00:31The opposition between Republicans and Nationalists, primarily Catholic, on the one hand, and Loyalists and Unionists, primarily Protestant, on the other, regarding
00:40The future of Northern Ireland led to a rise in violence that lasted for 30 years.
00:44It is perpetrated by armed republican groups, such as the Provisional IRA, whose aim is to put an end to
00:48the British authority in Northern Ireland
00:50and to create an Irish republic across the entire island, and loyalists, such as the Ulster Volunteer Force formed
00:56in 1966 to halt what he perceived as the deterioration of the British character of the country,
01:01but also characterized by popular riots and the bloody repression by the British state security forces, armed
01:07and police.
01:07The collaboration between British security forces and Unionist paramilitaries, denied by successive governments, is now admitted.
01:15The Northern Irish conflict is defined in various ways by several of its actors, either as a war, an ethnic conflict, or a
01:21guerrilla warfare or a civil war.
01:23Although the Catholic and Protestant communities are often pitted against each other, this is not a religious conflict.
01:28the crux of the problem being the membership of Northern Ireland in the United Kingdom or the Republic of
01:32'Ireland.
01:33The actions of armed republican groups, primarily the Provisional IRA, are considered terrorism by the security forces.
01:39British,
01:40but also as a revolution, an insurrection, or a military resistance to occupation and British imperialism by
01:46their supporters.
01:47Historians are divided on these classifications, with some rejecting the use of the term "terrorism".
01:52This conflict affects the daily lives of most Northern Irish people, as well as, incidentally, those of the English and the
01:58Irish from the south of the island.
01:59On several occasions between 1969 and 1998, the situation nearly deteriorated further.
02:06for example in 1972 after Bloody Sunday in Derry, London Derry or during the strike at the end of
02:11prisoners in 1981,
02:13when massive and hostile mobilizations of both parties occur.
02:16In 1998, a peace process brought an end to the conflict based on the Good Friday Agreement.
02:22The British government's recognition, for the first time, of the "Irish dimension",
02:27the principle that the people of the island of Ireland as a whole can resolve the problems between the north
02:31and the south by mutual consent.
02:33without outside intervention, it allows for obtaining the agreement of loyalists and republicans.
02:37It also established a consociational government in Northern Ireland, composed necessarily of unionists and nationalists.
