- hace 2 días
El mismísimo diablo convence a Toxie para que se vuelva despiadado, cruel e insensible y pase de todo convirtiéndose en un casero malvado. Dado que las tentaciones carnales significan tanto para él, ¿serán el matrimonio y la buena vida capaces de corromper y cambiar por completo al héroe favorito de América?
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00:00...
00:13One day we'll talk in depth about this man and his theory, but right now he's making headlines.
00:19This is news because, as you may already know, 2009 is Darwin's year.
00:23Furthermore, it is celebrating its bicentenary.
00:25In commemoration of this biologist's scientific discoveries, his hometown,
00:30Shesbury has opened a themed geological garden
00:33and has also recovered some of Darwin's own manuscripts.
00:37His office and the laboratory where he conducted his experiments can also be seen in a museum.
00:41and even the home, with its everyday objects.
00:45Charles Robert Darwin, aged 22, embarked on the HMS Beagle,
00:49on a journey that lasted five years,
00:52During which time he took notes on all the places he passed through,
00:56discovering things like a hill of fossils of enormous extinct mammals in Argentina.
01:01This trip made him think that there is no insurmountable gap between human beings and animals.
01:07and that we all come from the same root of existence,
01:10evolving through mutations that created new species
01:14and that led to the extinction of others in a process of hundreds of millions of years.
01:20Now we travel to the land of the Aztecs, a bloody and also fascinating culture.
01:26A few days ago, a team of archaeologists who were working in Tlatelolco
01:30He found a tomb with the remains of 50 Aztec warriors.
01:35This temple, built by the Aztecs in the 14th century,
01:38It was an important religious and political center.
01:41What has surprised experts the most is the position of the burials,
01:45since it displays a Catholic character.
01:47The bodies are lying flat, face up, with their arms crossed over their chests.
01:51and perfectly arranged.
01:54Furthermore, its position, from north to south, does not correspond to pre-Hispanic burial customs.
01:59Most are young adults, except for one elderly person, two teenagers, and one infant.
02:04Experts believe the gravediggers were very careful when carrying out the burial.
02:09because there may have been a pre-Hispanic temple right underneath.
02:13Luis Miguel Domínguez, a well-known figure, joins our table.
02:18the great connoisseur of nature, explorer, documentarian, naturalist.
02:23It's a pleasure, as always, to have you here to explain something amazing, isn't it?
02:27These curious animals that are snakes, the bicha in Andalusia, that's what they are called.
02:32Now, a snake with that skull...
02:34Luis, look, let's explain it, but it's something that had to be terrifying.
02:37Luckily, it seems that it did not coincide with the human species.
02:40Also, Gerardo Peláez, who will bring us some stories that have to do with one of the animals
02:45which still, understandably or incomprehensibly, gives more phobia to the human race.
02:50Stories of these snakes.
02:51Gerardo, welcome, good evening.
02:52Hello, good evening everyone.
02:54Carmen, what's the news? Why are we talking about this and why do we have these fossil pieces here?
02:58Well, we would have a reproduction of what the titanoboa is.
03:01The fossil remains of this large specimen have been found in a place in Colombia, which they also say is
03:08an open-air museum because numerous fossils are found there.
03:13Apparently, it lived 60 million years ago and could reach up to 13 meters in length and weigh,
03:19According to their calculations, more than a thousand kilos.
03:21Furthermore, yes, it is said that its diameter could be compared to that of an adult's waist.
03:28So, just look at the size it had to be.
03:31Titanoboa.
03:32Titanoboa, that's what it's been called.
03:34Let's do something, see what you think. Let's learn a little, Luismi.
03:37Tell us, what snakes that live on, that share the blue planet with us, could, in quotes, resemble this gigantic monster?
03:46We'd start with the pythons, wouldn't we?
03:47Yes, yes, it reminds me a lot, because of the skull structure, of this being we have here, certainly
03:54It would seem like a lot, to cite the largest of all those on our planet, the reticulated python.
03:59The reticulated python has always been a subject of debate, much like the Nile and the Amazon. Which river is the most important?
04:05Longest? The Nile or the Amazon?
04:06Well, the reticulated python or the anaconda. They are the two great giants, the two great snakes, the two great
04:15snakes of this planet.
04:16Reticulated pythons are found in Southeast Asia. I've seen them; I've filmed them in Vietnam in an impressive way.
04:22They incubate their eggs, they have almost a bird-like attitude, from them, in short, reptiles emerge.
04:29There is an evolutionary line that leads us to birds.
04:32I have filmed them incubating their eggs and they are truly spectacular.
04:36They are very aggressive. The reticulated python is a python that many people foolishly buy to keep as a pet.
04:42home.
04:43It's a beautiful, wonderful animal, but with a truly formidable attack capability...
04:48Pythons are being abandoned in Spain.
04:50Pythons are being abandoned in Exotario.
04:51That's amazing.
04:52For example, we have the largest reticulated python, without a doubt, in this country.
04:56The reticulated python, according to the information Carmen gave us, is around 15 meters long.
05:02approximately in length.
05:03There are reticulated pythons of that length.
05:06Today, today, it exists.
05:08In fact, Gerardo, I think there are some press headlines that say they continue with that aggressiveness, they continue to demonstrate it.
05:16Attacks, for example, on children.
05:18I understand that a zookeeper has recently been killed.
05:21Yes, that's right. In Caracas, specifically, this story, logically, was stained with blood.
05:26Because one zookeeper had already been working at the Caracas Zoo for nine years,
05:29He was 29 years old, he was too daring and spent the night, nobody knows why, especially not his colleagues.
05:36with a python that was completely isolated, and also in the process of analyzing its behavior,
05:42because he had caused some problems at the zoo.
05:44This man entered the terrarium where he was, and the caretakers were found the next morning.
05:49with several bites and the caretaker, practically half of his body already swallowed by the snake.
05:55Therefore, people were certainly amazed, wondering how a person with so much experience
05:59He could have used the trick of getting into the terrarium with this bug.
06:01Interesting, Luismi, because there's one thing I'd like to mention, now that we're going to talk about the anaconda,
06:05which would be a somewhat logical pairing with the python,
06:09There have been many photos, and many people online are seeing them.
06:13of large snakes that have swallowed people.
06:15Okay, let's look at some that are a bit intense.
06:18Now, if you'd like, we can discuss the story behind the specific photo we're about to see.
06:22The anaconda in this case, the other great giant,
06:25Well, it may be fraud or not, but Luismi knows why he's seen it
06:28that these anacondas can do this.
06:30The anaconda, the sucuri, as it is called in Brazil, I who have lived there for a long time,
06:35I am clearly prepared to say that it kills dozens of people a year in Brazil alone.
06:42They know it there, and they know it well.
06:44The caboclos, who are the people who live on the banks of the Amazon River,
06:48Let us not forget that 20 million people live on the banks of the Brazilian Amazon.
06:53They live there, in direct contact with one of the animals they consider most dangerous.
06:58What is sucuri?
07:00There are several subspecies of anacondas; there are many varieties.
07:03But specifically in Brazil there are enormous anacondas,
07:06that can reach almost 500 kilos in weight.
07:10Animals that make you say, well, how is it possible that a snake is going to kill me?
07:14However strong it may be?
07:16Aquatic animals, animals that are capable of diving.
07:19Animals that, in the case of the anaconda, unlike the reticulated python,
07:23which is clearly also an aquatic animal,
07:26But of course, in the case of the anaconda, it camouflages itself perfectly.
07:30It is masked by the chocolate color of the Amazonian waters.
07:33And it's an animal that only has to grab you by the ankle,
07:37with immense force, drag you towards the river and drown you.
07:42Once it drowns you, it will swallow you whole.
07:45In other words, these photographs that we are about to see, which have gone around the world,
07:49of a kind of extremely swollen anaconda,
07:53Inside there appears to be a human body,
07:55Could this be...?
07:56This is no longer an anaconda; this photograph must be from Southeast Asia.
08:00This is a python.
08:01It's a reticulated python.
08:03The internet is full of photographs like this on various pages.
08:07and almost all the experts, the websites we consulted,
08:10They say it's a fraud, precisely for that reason.
08:12because they specifically say it's an anaconda,
08:15Luis Minos is confirming that he is a python.
08:17They say it's in South America...
08:18There's already a problem.
08:19There's a fault line, they say it's in South America and it's in Borneo, apparently.
08:22Yes, indeed.
08:22And then they also discuss the story of the person inside, in theory,
08:27They speak of a miner, a worker, even a child,
08:29In other words, it does not identify the victim.
08:31No, but I've seen this,
08:33in Brazil with people, that is, in the case of the anaconda.
08:35Of course, I mean, this could be fraud or not, we don't know.
08:37But Luis Minos, who has been there, you say it happens.
08:40It happens because of the attack,
08:42People like me who run a center with exotic animals
08:45and large snakes,
08:46We know the speed of their attack.
08:48In tenths of a second they have nothing more to do than bite a hand or a leg and wrap it up.
08:54It's like someone tying a quick knot, isn't it?
08:57When you've been wrapped around twice by that volume, by a being that weighs 200 kilos,
09:04The first thing they automatically do is break your collarbone, your arms, and make you start breathing badly.
09:09And then all they have to do is position the prey, almost always by the head.
09:14never through the feet, and swallow it through the head.
09:16And they swallow it, and they swallow it with astonishing tranquility.
09:19There are many indigenous people.
09:21There was an attack on the Corubo Indians, whom I filmed for a while,
09:24on the Yabarí River.
09:26A friend of mine was standing in front of me,
09:28I remember perfectly a wonderful Swedish filmmaker,
09:32wonderful person and wonderful professional,
09:34and saw an Indian woman lose her son,
09:37because a water nymph came out and carried him to the river.
09:40This is quite common.
09:42In the triad, let's say, of great giants, the boa would also be included, wouldn't it?
09:45Yes, the boa constrictor, whose name already indicates that, the power of its musculature.
09:51It is an animal that, evidently, in the case of boas,
09:55We associate pythons with Asia, and boas are American.
09:59There is a beautiful variety of boas.
10:02They are animals with a livery, with a coloring,
10:05which characterizes them depending on where they are going to live.
10:09I remember, for example, the Argentine boa, don't you?
10:12It's an animal that appears to be covered entirely in lichen.
10:16and that you are unable to see it in a jungle or on a mountain.
10:20They are very calm, very peaceful animals.
10:22But of course, boas can reach, well, 20 or 30 kilos in weight.
10:27and they are animals of a certain size.
10:30Constrictor, hence their name, because of that ability they have
10:33Since they have no poison, they kill their prey before swallowing them.
10:39That's obvious.
10:39It's a quick snakes lesson, but we're getting some very interesting concepts.
10:46Some of them are truly beautiful, it must be said.
10:47They deserve respect; you can't bring this around like you're bringing a jewel or a doll.
10:54It's incredible what's happening, we already talked about it, Luis.
10:56Because there is one thing that has surprised me a lot, that has impressed me,
10:59which is the next protagonist, the king cobra,
11:02Because the cobra, those of us who don't know about this,
11:04We imagine it, well, because of a certain size.
11:05There are giant cobras, does that have to be intimidating?
11:09Man, I've seen king cobras in the rice paddies of Vietnam,
11:13Specifically, there is a town on the outskirts of Hanoi called Lemat,
11:17What does "tear of honey" mean? Look at this beautiful town.
11:21Gerardo, where are you from? I'm from Lemat, from the honey-tear grove, precious.
11:25But the village of cobras is a tear of honey.
11:27And the king cobra, specifically, passes between the legs and ankles.
11:33and the beings of those people who are harvesting rice
11:38with astonishing naturalness.
11:41It is a revered animal in Vietnam and throughout Asia because it is calm,
11:45But the power of its bite can certainly send you to the other side.
11:50It can reach up to 12 meters in length.
11:52A 12-meter cobra is understandable.
11:54It's very big, when it stands up it's spectacular.
11:56Of course, my goodness.
11:57It opens, it's a helaphid.
11:58Here in Spain we have helaphids such as the ladder snake,
12:02which, on the other hand, is not poisonous and is very common in our fields.
12:06But this one has the ability to open up, like the spectacled cobra,
12:09And it's truly a spectacle.
12:11It's the one we've seen in many images, where in Thailand, in Vietnam,
12:15In all these countries, a kind of Russian roulette is played with it.
12:20And he kisses her, he kisses her, hoping she won't kiss him back.
12:24Because if he kisses you, you're in trouble.
12:26But it's a big animal; it's here in this ranking precisely because of its size.
12:30and in this case, also its poison.
12:32Well, there are even reports of how the police are employing cobras.
12:37in certain parts of the world as a deterrent, Gerardo.
12:41Smaller ones, of course, because imagine handling a 12-meter cobra.
12:44Let's see who's the handsome one.
12:45Yes, according to the news report, they're afraid of manipulating a younger child.
12:49Imagine a bigger one.
12:50The fact is that in Jakarta, Indonesia, the police are having a lot of problems
12:54because there are continuous demonstrations, political, religious,
12:57And they are considering it; in fact, the police chief is a person trained by the FBI.
13:02Quite a lot, well, logically, very well trained in the police force, with a lot of knowledge,
13:07And he's suggesting, as we can see in the images, that his men carry cobras.
13:12to discourage all protesters.
13:14The problem is that men aren't very keen on the idea either.
13:16Because logically, my Luis can also explain it better,
13:18If the cobra turns on its head, the injured party is logically the police officer.
13:23Therefore, the effect is the opposite.
13:24It really catches my attention, because it reminds me of this EMAT thing I told you about in Vietnam,
13:28where, moreover, when people knew that the border had been serious,
13:32They simply amputated themselves.
13:33I remember, in certain areas of Southeast Asia,
13:37How do you see people missing two fingers, practically with a cut that severs their entire fingers?
13:43because they know that some borders are extremely toxic,
13:47And what they do is keep the machete next to them and cut directly.
13:51This wonderful ranking would not be entirely complete
13:55If we didn't have an example from our own land, right?
13:59Sure, people are going to say, there are giants, man, giants maybe,
14:03No, but there are some impressive snakes.
14:06Of course, many people ask us naturalists that.
14:08Hey Luis, which one is the biggest snake here?
14:11There's that curiosity, isn't there?
14:12It really exists.
14:13And then there's that other idea too; I've even seen some related news.
14:17With this impressive find, we're talking about a viper, right?
14:20The great viper.
14:21Snakes are very small.
14:22And yet, of course, it is the most poisonous animal we have.
14:25The most venomous snake we have in our country is the viper.
14:28Vipers in their different species, but on the other hand they are very small.
14:32And we have an incredible animal, the Montpellier snake.
14:35The bastard snake is half venomous and half non-venomous.
14:41I mean, it's not a snake that has something at the beginning of its mouth
14:47the two fangs that inject, as in the case of a viper,
14:50and that they retract in the case of rattlesnakes.
14:52Its venomous fangs are located halfway up its mouth, to put it simply.
14:56So I take a bastard snake, I can put my fingers at the beginning of its mouth,
15:02I know the poison won't reach me until it pushes me a little bit further in.
15:07In other words, it is an animal that is somewhere between poisonous and non-poisonous.
15:11That's why it's not dangerous.
15:12In which areas of Spain, Luis?
15:13We have it all over Spain.
15:14The Montpellier snake, especially, perhaps not so much in the north,
15:18But of course, we have it in both Castiles and all the way down to Andalusia.
15:23I think it's about Luismi, I don't know if it's in any other documentary, maybe I'm wrong, I don't know, if it ends
15:27of doubts,
15:28Can this snake swallow eggs?
15:30Yes, yes, she eats eggs, of course, we've filmed her in different situations.
15:35It's an animal; we're looking at a photograph there, which is indeed, of course,
15:39Many people from the countryside, in a somewhat simplistic way,
15:45He thinks he's just eating partridge eggs all day.
15:48And it is an apparent enemy of people who like hunting.
15:53But today we all know that it is protected by law because it eats a lot of rodents.
15:58She is an ally of our rural people and prevents biblical and non-biblical plagues.
16:03which, of course, as in the case of the voles of Castile and León, a year and a half ago,
16:09Well, it's certainly an ally in preventing those plagues, and the Montpellier snake is a friend of...
16:13Man, no doubt.
16:14I wanted to say, Iker, sorry, speaking of plagues, I wanted to share some surprising news,
16:18In Brazil, near Rio de Janeiro, in Niteroi, cities are logically gaining ground on the jungle.
16:23And there has been a terrible invasion of Yararaca, a snake native to Brazil,
16:28Luis and I were talking earlier, and he mentioned that it's very poisonous.
16:32terribly poisonous, even deadly, to such an extent that even poison is used
16:37in anticoagulant medications to treat heart conditions and, of course, it is very dangerous.
16:42And invasion?
16:43Yes, it seems to have been eradicated, but local authorities are certainly astonished.
16:48Because there have been so many bites, what Luis said is that they must not have been bitten properly.
16:52because otherwise many would have died.
16:54It's true, sometimes the bites aren't complete, and these are animals that, moreover, we must never forget.
16:58All animals that have venom, all of them, we must consider the venom they use on our calves
17:04They are ceasing to use it in the search for food.
17:08And therefore, being bitten by an animal without a tourniquet is possibly to go without food for a whole month.
17:16They are very good at dosing their venom.
17:18The yararaca, what it also has, in Brazil, this being, which is also known as the devil, right?
17:23In some areas they call it that, because it's very agile, very fast, it's an animal that makes you
17:27forehead,
17:28just as there are other snakes that hide and try to go unnoticed,
17:31It's an animal that, if it detects you, will confront you and may even jump towards you, and you won't escape.
17:37Luis, thank you for your work, thank you for telling us these things and in this way,
17:41And one day, soon, we'll go to that exotarium you're running, collecting so much recklessness from people who bring snakes,
17:48She leaves them, and that could be dangerous.
17:50And you're going to see a spectacular reticulated pattern, you'll see.
17:53We will. Luis, thanks as always. Gerardo, thanks, mate.
17:55Thanks to you, Iker.
17:56Hey, this is already unusual, isn't it?
17:58Completely.
17:59But anyway, let's move on to more things. An unusual world, next up.
18:07Nowadays, when technology has invaded all aspects of our lives,
18:11See if you suffer from this very rare syndrome.
18:14It's called Naegeli.
18:16And what happens? Well, you lose your fingerprints.
18:18It happened to a Brazilian psychologist.
18:20She went to ask for some prescriptions; to do so, she needs to use her fingerprints.
18:25It's all computerized.
18:26And what was his surprise? When he saw that they had disappeared.
18:30Currently, no further cases of this strange disease are known.
18:36And the doctors are baffled, because they don't know what's causing it.
18:40And take a look at this study conducted by the University of New Mexico.
18:44Apparently, people were already drinking Cola Cao a thousand years before Christ.
18:48Just look, these discoveries are recent.
18:51Some remains of that liquid cocoa have been found in vessels
18:55that date from that date, that have that antiquity.
18:59He says it was even used in some ritual ceremonies.
19:03They used to use it for those religious ceremonies.
19:06And today we use it to have more strength.
19:10And maybe the one who drinks a lot of chocolate milk is this kid, Liam.
19:13We're seeing it right now.
19:14He is only a year and a half old and has become the strongest child in the world.
19:18Here the little boy eats six times a day.
19:21His parents, who are also doctors, explain to us what strange syndrome he has.
19:26because everything he ingests, instead of turning into fat, turns into muscle.
19:31Apparently, he has atrophy in one of his legs.
19:34And that prevents the fat from penetrating, so that it all goes directly to the muscles.
19:40They call him Terminator, Hulk, and Superman.
19:42And now for something important and also unusual.
19:46You'll see, lately there's been a lot of talk about social media.
19:48everything that is happening, for better or for worse.
19:50There are many people, and I have to say this very clearly, who, well, pretend to be us.
19:56Important.
19:57We are not on any social network, not on Facebook, these famous places, on any of them.
20:04Well, the only place we are on the network is what you're seeing.
20:09www.ikerjimenez.com, our official website.
20:12Nothing else.
20:13Therefore, be very careful with people who impersonate us, which is an unusual occurrence.
20:18But well, appropriate measures will be taken.
20:20The document is important because it allows us to receive this type of information.
20:23It is truly unusual and unbelievable that people believe it's us.
20:26That's up to you.
20:27And now, another recommendation.
20:29Well, it's already here, or rather, it will be tomorrow, because there are still a few hours to go.
20:34the fifth copy of the fourth millennium DVD and book collection.
20:37Nothing more and nothing less than the shadow of evil.
20:40Some of the most brutal, most harrowing cases, the exorcism of Almanza,
20:44the stories that took place in Portugal, the witches against evil,
20:46And as always, full of documents; look, in this case, the paintings by Bosch,
20:52slides, images, that have not even been seen in the program.
20:55Tomorrow, the Cuarto Milenio DVD will be available at all newsstands in Spain.
20:58And now, take a look at this character, because he was a complete mystery.
21:03a strange automaton, capable of challenging Napoleon himself.
21:08Meet the Turk.
21:35Here we have the enigmatic Turk, an automaton that is part of the story of a game,
21:41a science, a sport, a mystery, chess.
21:43The best guide, the best cicerone, without a doubt, Miguel Illescas,
21:48International chess grandmaster, Spanish champion, seven-time Spanish champion.
21:52It's an honor to have you here, Miguel.
21:54How are you, Miguel? Nice to meet you.
21:55Okay, this is the Turkish one; we're starting with him because he's very visual for entering this world of enigmas.
21:59also.
22:00They're going to be surprised.
22:01It was the first time, perhaps, Miguel, long before IBM's famous Deep Blue,
22:06in which the machine, in quotes, confronted man.
22:09Yes, it is the great-great-grandfather of all modern machines and for a century it maintained an aura of mystery.
22:15It was created at the end of the 18th century and presented at the Viennese court as a fraud.
22:20It was presented fraudulently, as a theatrical appearance
22:24and only 80 or 90 years later was it admitted that the machine did not play by itself.
22:30Allan Poe even said that it was controlled by a mysterious mind.
22:34Edgar Allan Poe, no less, said that it was a kind of spirit incarnated in a machine,
22:38as we are seeing thanks to the art of Juan Villa,
22:40and that he was mentally competing, because this is about mental power, against the best chess players.
22:46What very few people will know, Miguel, is that none other than Napoleon faced the Turk.
22:50Yes, it aroused great anticipation.
22:52This machine toured the world and on one occasion even played with Napoleon.
22:56Well, apart from which several copies are preserved.
22:58Napoleon played quite well; he was a great military strategist.
23:01and he applied that strategic knowledge to the chessboard, and quite successfully.
23:06But the Turk beat him with relative ease.
23:09The Turk beat Napoleon.
23:11Yes, Napoleon began by dominating the center, as was quite logical for him,
23:14Chess is a game where you have to control the center.
23:16It's like a big hill, a mountain; you dominate the battlefield.
23:19Napoleon positioned his infantry, the Turk responded in kind.
23:23and Napoleon developed a bishop that moves diagonally,
23:27attacking the weakest point of the enemy position.
23:30Perhaps Napoleon thought that in chess one could, as in the army sometimes,
23:32a very direct action. The Turk deployed his cavalry.
23:36And Napoleon made a rookie mistake.
23:39He developed his queen, the strongest piece, to deliver the scholar's mate.
23:44It had been well known for centuries, and the Turk was obviously prepared.
23:49He created the antidote by bringing out the cavalry.
23:51The queen, the strongest piece, should not be brought out at the beginning of the game.
23:55Since it is too valuable, it must be preserved for when the land is clear.
23:59It would be like taking out a cannon to fight soldiers in hand-to-hand combat.
24:02The cannons must be in the rear, my dear Napoleon.
24:05This is how the game went for him. The Turk defeated him in 18 moves.
24:08And what surprises me is that Napoleon didn't have them all shot.
24:11I was wondering why he didn't cut the Turk's head off right away, wasn't I?
24:14I believe that Napoleon, who has some incredible quotes,
24:16He was a man who I think was very intelligent,
24:18even though he was a despot or a tyrant in some respects,
24:21But I think that in a way he admired such intelligence,
24:25because even if the machine were a fraud,
24:28the merit of the gears and the fact that the hand, as we have seen,
24:33It moves, it moves the piece,
24:34and that he was able to deceive so many people for 80 years,
24:37It has an impressive merit.
24:38An artificial intelligence expert told me that this machine itself,
24:43Even though it was a fraud, it was a great success for science.
24:45Of course, because what was the Turk and what is the end of this story?
24:48which is also a novel by Karl Lampoen?
24:50Yes, it's spectacular, because once the inventor von Kempelen died,
24:54It was bought by a man with commercial intentions, like a circus,
24:57and he took it all over Europe, then went to the United States, America,
25:00It was so successful that it took him to Cuba,
25:02that at that time the economy there was flourishing,
25:05And he had such bad luck that his personal secretary died in Cuba,
25:08who apparently was the teacher who was hidden under the machine.
25:13You'd ask me, how had they never discovered it?
25:14There was an optical illusion.
25:16You opened the box and it looked like it was full of machines and watches.
25:19Right? These gears we have here.
25:21But through a play of lights, it allowed a chess master to be hidden inside.
25:25who was this man.
25:26When this man died, the owner of the machine,
25:30on a ship returning from Cuba to America,
25:32He drank himself to death and they threw him overboard.
25:35And that was the dramatic end of the machine.
25:37What a story, the end of the Turk.
25:37Then it ended up in a museum in Germany, where it still is...
25:41Well, then, sorry, in Philadelphia,
25:43where it was destroyed by a fire,
25:44so that the mystery remains forever.
25:46and there's no way to recover the original Turkish.
25:49Well, with a teacher like Miguel Illescas,
25:51What could be better than taking a trip back in time to the 18th century?
25:54Imagine what it was like, of course,
25:55At that time, the automaton capable of challenging man.
25:58It became, of course, computer science.
26:01It's because Miguel had something to do with the famous Deep Blue.
26:03Let's tell the story, Miguel.
26:05because I think it's going to be very interesting.
26:07Quite a contrast, isn't it?
26:07Well, we've moved from one very artistic object to another,
26:11where all human intelligence is concentrated.
26:16Let's see, how did this story begin for Miguel?
26:18Okay, what is this?
26:19It's Deep Blue, isn't it?
26:20The famous Deep Blue.
26:20Yes, we have walked two meters and passed 200 years of history.
26:24This is the interface of a chess program,
26:26at the time, in 1997,
26:28It was the Deep Blue program
26:29who defeated world champion Garry Kasparov
26:32in a bet that the scientists had made
26:34for a long time,
26:36that one day the computer had to be
26:38intelligent enough to defeat humans
26:40in something like chess,
26:42which is the paradigm of intelligence.
26:45To be intelligent, you have to prove it.
26:46And one way is to win a game of chess.
26:49That's what Deep Blue achieved in '97.
26:51Miguel, now many people are thinking about a great fear, aren't they?
26:53Technology is advancing at all levels
26:55And always the eternal question,
26:58Will robots, technology, computing, and bits replace
27:00to the human mind?
27:02What level are we at?
27:03What exactly happened?
27:04So, how did those games end?
27:06between the best player in the world and the machine?
27:08Because we're going to be surprised.
27:10Well, I remember the match was tied.
27:13two and a half equal
27:14and everything hinged on the final game.
27:16By chance, I was in the control room
27:18and he was in charge of accepting or rejecting
27:20a proposal for a tie
27:21which never occurred in the sixth game.
27:23But I ran into Kasparov
27:24And I saw Kasparov's face like I had never seen it before.
27:27Kasparov had never lost a match,
27:29That was the first time,
27:30And I saw defeat on Kasparov's face.
27:33I had never seen her like this.
27:34And indeed, he played the game terribly.
27:38He lost, he was run over by the machine
27:40And so an era came to an end.
27:43since the human mind had been defeated.
27:47It was really...
27:49Kasparov later said that there had been something strange about the games
27:53and specifically he was complaining about a move in the second game
27:56who said it was impossible for a machine to make such a human move.
28:00But we programmed Deep Blue to be human.
28:03Because in 1995, when I played against the computer, an inferior version,
28:08I told the engineers,
28:09I beat him and we hung out, I made friends with the engineers,
28:12who were very nice people,
28:15And I told them, look, I mean, it's not enough to just play well.
28:17To win at chess, you also have to focus on the sporting aspect.
28:21So we devised an anti-Kasparov strategy.
28:23Kasparov was unaware of this effort that I had made.
28:26We hired many great masters to train the machine
28:30And the machine was truly armed to the teeth.
28:33Kasparov arrived there for the match.
28:35I am delighted to participate in this scientific experiment.
28:37Did he underestimate the machine?
28:38Yes, I came from the countryside and the beach.
28:40And when he realized it, it was too late.
28:42Despite Kasparov's tremendous ability to react,
28:44who played a fabulous match, he played very well.
28:47But it's a little frustrating when you're up against a rival
28:50that you know neither suffers nor is in pain.
28:52It's frustrating because you're suffering,
28:54You notice the wear and tear and you recover
28:56And you know the machine is as fresh as the first day.
28:59And Kasparov paid the price in the sixth game,
29:02He collapsed psychologically.
29:03It is also true that IBM made efforts to make that happen,
29:07But anyway, that's another story.
29:08Miguel, for example, so that we can play without any idea of how the game was played,
29:11the human player was, let's say, reading their moves
29:15and the machine...
29:17Let's do a short demonstration.
29:17For example, I could play games on this modern computer
29:20which is from the Internet Chef Club, E4,
29:22I would make my move by moving the king pawn two squares.
29:25And the machine, as we shall see, will answer instantly
29:28because it is programmed to do so.
29:29He has responded.
29:30It reminds us of Napoleon's campaign against the Turks.
29:32I'm going to try to play better than Napoleon.
29:34and I'm going to develop my horse to F3
29:36to attack the center,
29:37which we have said is the most important area of chess.
29:39And immediately...
29:40And the machine is copying me and playing me fast.
29:42And he plays very fast, very fast.
29:43We did that to Kasparov, we played the psychological card.
29:45Sometimes we play too fast and this bothers you, it irritates you.
29:50And you don't have an opponent to look up to, which was always one of Kasparov's strengths.
29:54playing with the human element, the psychological factor.
29:56And that's where I found Kasparov to be a little lost.
29:59Of course, I was looking at a screen that represents the coldness of not being able to subdue humans.
30:03It worried him, but he couldn't do anything.
30:04You don't have...
30:05The machine, in fact, wasn't even on the same floor.
30:07I was in the basement.
30:08Let's not forget that Deep Blue was a two-ton prototype.
30:11It wasn't just a program.
30:12It was a complex hardware machine.
30:14which, incidentally, has subsequently been used for multiple applications
30:17such as aircraft design or research in the cellular field
30:22and thousands of others.
30:23I would eat the pawn here, the one the machine has left unprotected.
30:26horse by the 5 and the machine is going to respond by attacking my horse.
30:30There it is.
30:30I know how the machines play.
30:31And if I now return with my horse to where I was, to F3,
30:35The machine is going to eat my pawn, of course.
30:37and balance the material so we could continue playing the game.
30:40How wonderful!
30:40And I'm almost always able to guess what the machine is going to do to me.
30:43which doesn't mean I can still lose to her.
30:45The unsettling question, Miguel.
30:47Miguel, I repeat, champion of Spain,
30:49little champion of Spain, grandmaster of chess.
30:51And what did Deep Blue program?
30:54Has the machine already surpassed the human brain in this respect?
30:58Well, we're currently in a balance there.
31:01that is delicately breaking.
31:03Humans are on the brink of the abyss,
31:04We're with one foot in and one foot out.
31:06The machines are going to surpass us.
31:07And I like an anecdote from a science fiction writer,
31:11a very nice short story,
31:12who program the most incredible machine in the world,
31:14It is connected to 4 billion computers
31:16of all the planets in the galaxy connected,
31:19And finally, they're going to turn on that great machine.
31:22They turn it on,
31:22and they can ask him the big question.
31:24Does God exist?
31:25And the machine, with a voice like thunder, answers.
31:29Now yes.
31:31When they went to turn it off,
31:32a lightning bolt from the sky killed the guy
31:34and the switch remained locked.
31:36Well, with this information,
31:39which for many, certainly,
31:40It's a little unsettling,
31:43Let's delve into the world of chess,
31:45a world closed in on itself on many occasions,
31:47But what does it have, right?
31:49so many wonderful stories,
31:51characters, well, look,
31:52like Bobby Fischer, no more and no less,
31:54mysterious in his behavior.
31:56Let's learn a little more
31:57of that board full
31:59of fascinating possibilities.
32:05Chess,
32:06a cryptic world for the uninitiated.
32:09The 64 white and black squares
32:12They are a small universe
32:13in which an eternal battle unfolds
32:16between light and darkness.
32:19There are more possible chess games
32:21than atoms in the universe.
32:23It has been called Game of Kings,
32:25But the truth is that the glory of the board
32:28It is reserved for barely a handful
32:30of privileged minds.
32:32Among them,
32:33There was one name that shone with its own light,
32:36Bobby Fischer.
32:38With the death of the American
32:40Bobby Fischer in 2008,
32:42A living legend of chess was leaving us.
32:44He was a great teacher
32:45at only 15 years old.
32:47It's not strange,
32:49since his intelligence quotient
32:51It was 184,
32:53older, for example,
32:55than that of Albert Einstein.
32:57After taking the lead,
32:58one after the other,
32:59all the tournaments in which he participated,
33:01The moment has finally arrived
33:02to face their great challenge,
33:05the Soviet Union.
33:07In the former Soviet Union,
33:09chess
33:10It was the true national sport.
33:12It was taught in schools
33:14as just another subject,
33:15and the chess players
33:17from behind the iron curtain
33:18They had no rival.
33:20That's why,
33:21when Bobby Fischer
33:22He played against the world champion
33:24Boris Spassky
33:25in 1972,
33:27The world held its breath
33:29in the face of what was something more
33:30than a chess tournament,
33:32and it became one of the many battles
33:34of the Cold War.
33:37After their epic victory,
33:39Fischer returned to his country
33:40transformed into a hero,
33:42and it was then
33:43when they came to light
33:44his many extravagances.
33:46In 1975,
33:49He refuses to defend his title
33:50facing Karpov,
33:51which automatically becomes
33:52world champion.
33:54From that moment on,
33:56Bobby Fischer
33:57decides to disappear
33:58of public life
33:59for 20 years.
34:00In the 1990s
34:02reappears
34:03and has to leave
34:04forever
34:04the United States
34:05due to disagreements
34:07with his government.
34:09Spain had
34:10to his own Bobby Fischer
34:11in the figure
34:12by Arturo Pomar,
34:13child prodigy
34:14who became
34:15in a celebrity
34:16from the 1940s.
34:17The Franco regime
34:19He used it
34:19as a propaganda element,
34:21but he did not receive
34:22the necessary support
34:23to become
34:24world champion.
34:26A brain disease
34:27cut short prematurely
34:29what was predicted
34:30like a career
34:31dazzling.
34:33The mystique of chess
34:34has been masterful
34:36registered
34:36through cinema
34:37and literature.
34:38In his million-dollar novel
34:39in sales
34:40The Eight
34:41and its continuation
34:42The Fire,
34:43Catherine Neville
34:44presents us with
34:45chess
34:45like a cosmos,
34:46a universe
34:47in which it takes place
34:48the eternal drama
34:49between the light
34:50and the shadows.
34:54In a sacred world
34:55or in a type
34:56of cosmic battle
34:57everyone
34:58thinks he is
34:59fighting in favor
35:00of the spirits
35:00for the forces
35:01of good.
35:02But everyone
35:04may belong
35:05to the forces
35:05of good,
35:06hence
35:06the main argument
35:08of the game
35:08is that we have
35:09than to look at them
35:10in a different way
35:11because really
35:12the only way
35:13where everyone wins
35:14It's the only way
35:16with which something
35:17can be resolved
35:18and everyone wins.
35:20You can play
35:21while everything
35:22Let it remain a game
35:23but when everything
35:24it becomes
35:24in a real battle
35:25spirits and murderers
35:27they must join
35:28because otherwise
35:29nothing would exist
35:30at all.
35:32Likely
35:33the final challenge
35:34of chess
35:34be the battle
35:35between men
35:36and the machine.
35:37The first automaton
35:38chess player
35:39It was the Turk
35:40by Kempelen
35:41in 1836
35:43which actually
35:44had a human being
35:46moving
35:46its gears.
35:48Gary Kasparov
35:49He was in charge
35:50to defend
35:51human honor
35:51versus Deep Blue
35:52an IBM computer
35:54programmed
35:54to beat
35:55to the world champion.
35:57The first tournament
35:58in 1996
35:59Kasparov won it.
36:02In 1997
36:03There was a rematch
36:04and victory
36:05It was on this occasion
36:07of the machine.
36:09Since then
36:10There have been several challenges
36:11of this type
36:12with mixed results.
36:14One can say
36:15that to this day
36:16man and machine
36:18They're tied.
36:20In the future
36:21the infinite game
36:22will bring us
36:23new figures
36:24new geniuses
36:25new champions
36:27and perhaps
36:28some of them
36:30Don't be human.
36:45There has been a lot of talk
36:46of mental power
36:48of the fight
36:50energy
36:51of telepathy
36:52of hypnosis
36:53so many things
36:54around the board
36:56of infinite possibilities.
36:58Santiago Camacho
36:59has prepared this report.
37:00Santi, good evening.
37:01Good evening, Iquero.
37:02Miguel, we've talked
37:03especially in the block
37:04From the East, right?
37:06Let's remember that there was
37:07many scientists
37:07many institutes
37:09many universities
37:10even
37:11determined to discover
37:12deciphering mental power
37:14And you know it well.
37:15mental power
37:16It goes much further than that.
37:17in chess
37:18You put it into practice
37:19almost.
37:20There was talk of hypnosis
37:21even.
37:22I have heard
37:22I don't know if it's an urban legend.
37:23or not
37:24that someone
37:25could dominate
37:26the thought
37:27from the other player.
37:27How far
37:28we have reached that point
37:29or you have arrived
37:30to feel on some occasion
37:31This feeling?
37:32Well, the Soviet Union
37:33indeed took
37:34chess as a banner
37:35of cultural superiority
37:37of the communist system
37:38and the children
37:39when they were 4 or 5 years old
37:40They were already recruiting them
37:41and they examined them
37:43to see
37:43which ones had
37:44intellectual potential
37:45enough
37:46to highlight
37:47in chess
37:48or in other
37:49of the areas
37:49that you mention.
37:50therefore
37:51from the very beginning
37:52the USSR
37:52selected
37:53and worked
37:54in that direction.
37:55Chess
37:56It is concentration
37:57total concentration.
37:58If a person
37:59He's looking at you like that.
38:00fixedly
38:01It might make you uncomfortable
38:02in fact
38:03It makes us uncomfortable sometimes
38:03when we are
38:04doing some activity
38:05that someone
38:05simply look at us
38:06Well, imagine.
38:07in an environment
38:08world championship
38:09as in Baguio 78
38:10Karpov, Kosnoi
38:11Kosnoi was a dissident
38:13hated by everyone
38:14the communist system
38:14and they put it in
38:15a doctor
38:17I don't remember the name.
38:19But he was a great expert
38:20on all topics
38:21parapsychological
38:22And this doctor
38:22She sat in the front row
38:23staring
38:24to Kosnoi
38:25and on top of that
38:26clear
38:26I believe a lot here.
38:27in autosuggestion
38:28I don't know what you think.
38:29but if you believe
38:30it's easier
38:30that affects you
38:32and to Kosnoi
38:32it affected him
38:33it affected him
38:33and in critical moments
38:35the presence
38:36from that doctor
38:37It worked
38:38for the KGB
38:39and for Karpov
38:40but in that match
38:40It was terrible
38:41because of hate
38:42that they professed
38:42It was enormous
38:43They had to put
38:44a table
38:45so that they wouldn't kick each other
38:46Look at that
38:47in a strip
38:48like chess
38:48and the war
38:50arrived
38:51For example
38:52Kosnoi
38:53He hired two yogis
38:54that counteracted
38:55mental power
38:56from the parapsychologist
38:57of the KGB
38:58Are you telling me?
38:59that a doctor
39:00in parapsychology
39:01Let's call it that
39:01with his tricks
39:03And two other yogis?
39:05counteracting
39:05Yes, yes
39:05a military battle
39:06parallel
39:07a real circus
39:08It was spectacular.
39:09then they arrived
39:10to a pact
39:11that they could be
39:11but from
39:12from the sixth row
39:13so that the mental wave
39:14Kosnoi wouldn't mind
39:16the truth
39:16Kosnoi
39:18He arrived at that match
39:19almost to snatch
39:20the title to Karpov
39:21lost 6-5
39:25and well
39:25then in the summer
39:26the next match
39:27He was already a shadow
39:28of himself
39:28but in vaguillo
39:29was about to
39:29to win
39:30to the entire KGB
39:31and all the tricks
39:32that they used against him
39:33They took full advantage.
39:33as I say
39:34the fact
39:34that Kosnoi
39:35has always believed
39:36Smislow
39:37For example
39:37who is another world champion
39:39He says he was playing.
39:40a game
39:40against Capablanca
39:41Capablanca
39:42He is deceased
39:42for a long time
39:43and Smislow
39:45He says he's playing games.
39:46with Capablanca
39:46through a medium
39:47Kosnoi believed that
39:48of course
39:49most people
39:49doesn't believe
39:50games with a medium
39:51Santi
39:52There are several documents
39:54indeed
39:55Victor Korsnoi
39:55played against
39:57Jess Amarozzi
39:58which was also
39:59a deceased champion
40:01and the president
40:03of society
40:03Swiss parapsychology
40:05Mundial proposed
40:06this game
40:07He initially hesitated
40:08and this game
40:10it developed
40:11for seven years
40:12But the medium
40:13Had they played chess?
40:14No
40:14the medium who was called
40:16Robert Rowlands
40:18I didn't know how to play chess
40:19I knew nothing about chess
40:20and above all
40:21I didn't know Hungarian
40:22which was how he took it
40:23the notes
40:24that he was giving
40:25the deceased
40:27chess master
40:27to comment on the game
40:30therefore
40:32Kosnoi remained
40:33well
40:34because he was very gullible
40:35as very well
40:37It has been said
40:37He was convinced.
40:39that I was playing
40:40really
40:40with a deceased teacher
40:42There's something curious
40:43which is
40:44game over
40:45the medium
40:46he died
40:47a few days
40:48a couple of weeks
40:49after that moment
40:50has been experienced
40:51in the matter
40:52of telepathy
40:52or at least
40:53We're talking about great champions.
40:54and many of a cultural level
40:56and coefficient
40:56Okay, that's clear.
40:58who believe in telepathy
40:59the possibility of capturing
41:01someone's thoughts
41:02Sure, that's it.
41:02in a game
41:03top-notch
41:03may have
41:05many possibilities
41:06let's see
41:08All of this is what I believe
41:09that we are on a terrain
41:09completely unknown
41:10not long ago
41:11I attended a conference
41:12about the operation
41:13of the human brain
41:13and the person who had
41:15an eminent doctor
41:16in the subject
41:16he recognized
41:17that if he knows
41:185 or 10%
41:19of the matter
41:20That's already a lot.
41:21therefore
41:22we are facing phenomena
41:23that we do not understand
41:24I remember
41:25play against Kasparov
41:26in the year 90
41:27in Linares
41:27and when man
41:29sits down
41:29and takes position
41:31in front of you
41:32you realize
41:33What is he telling you?
41:33something
41:34is transmitting to you
41:35an energy
41:35that will run you over
41:37without saying anything
41:37without saying anything
41:38just looking at you
41:39just looking at you
41:40and at a certain moment
41:41of the game
41:42I remember that
41:43He had to take
41:45the tie
41:45because it was their best option
41:46otherwise
41:47the risk of losing
41:49The one who ran was enormous
41:49against a small
41:51chance of winning
41:51And I remember
41:52that he was struggling
41:53I felt like I was in a fight.
41:55inside
41:55and suddenly
41:56I looked at myself and said
41:56I'm going to win
41:57and he took the risk
41:58and he beat me
41:59curiously
41:59when it makes sense
42:00would have been not to do it
42:01but I noticed
42:01then
42:02that energy
42:04which is difficult to explain
42:06What is it really like?
42:07and how it translates
42:07but without a doubt
42:08exists
42:08And when you make a mistake
42:09Sometimes you get the feeling
42:11that the rival
42:12He may be reading you
42:13And there are people
42:13I don't really believe in that.
42:14But there are people
42:15that even rises
42:16so as not to stay there
42:18thinking about the play
42:20It takes minutes.
42:21or seconds of waiting
42:23endless
42:23and very rarely
42:25The opponent doesn't see it
42:25and you breathe a sigh of relief
42:27unfortunately almost always
42:28Life is cruel
42:29And you got what you deserved.
42:30Santi
42:30even at this level
42:32of mental battles
42:33Let's call it that
42:34was
42:35Well, all kinds of protests
42:36in large batches
42:37There are some very curious anecdotes
42:39as even
42:40consider guilty
42:41to an object
42:42chairs
42:43x-rayed
42:44analyzed
42:45in case they broadcast
42:46some kind of frequencies
42:47to affect the mind
42:48All this has happened
42:49really
42:50if that
42:52It happened, no more and no less.
42:53that in the great tournament
42:55at the Fischer Spassky
42:56of '72
42:57Fischer
42:58there was
42:59done all luck
43:01of
43:02demands
43:03strange
43:04there was
43:05himself
43:06Henry Kissinger
43:06He had to speak
43:07with Bobby Fischer
43:08to convince him
43:09that he played
43:10all that
43:10to Spassky
43:11It gradually wore him down
43:13but
43:13It seems that
43:14I don't really know.
43:16if by
43:16if by
43:17counter
43:18in the field
43:18of psychological warfare
43:19or because really
43:20they thought about it
43:21the Soviets
43:23at a given moment
43:23of the tournament
43:24They started throwing it at him
43:25the blame
43:26to the chair
43:26by Bobby Fischer
43:27to the chair
43:28they said that
43:29Fischer got up
43:30and just when
43:31he got up
43:31Fischer of the chair
43:32That was when they were starting
43:33to happen things
43:34when Spassky
43:34it was beginning
43:35to have mistakes
43:36even to not think
43:37with
43:37that chair
43:38that we have there
43:39It's incredible.
43:40so
43:41the protest
43:42such a term was reached
43:43that the chair
43:44It had to be removed
43:45had to be
43:4624 hours
43:47under observation
43:48They were made
43:49The chair was disassembled
43:50from top to bottom
43:50tests were performed on him
43:51with X-rays
43:52to see if it was
43:53impregnated with something
43:54to see if it had
43:55some kind of device
43:56that emitted radiation
43:57and of course
43:58It wasn't like that.
44:00it happens like
44:01one more anecdote
44:02of that tournament
44:03Hey Miguel
44:04the feeling
44:06some movies
44:06like the one from
44:07Looking for Bobby Fischer
44:08since we're talking about him
44:09that talks about history
44:10very endearing
44:11but also very deep
44:13in some respect
44:13of a child
44:14who is trying to be champion
44:15the mental struggle
44:16even from a very young age
44:18It gives us the feeling
44:20were presented
44:20some characters
44:21that had finished
44:23on the verge of madness
44:24even though we are not
44:25What madness!
44:26that is to say
44:27people trying
44:28always striving for improvement
44:30constantly
44:30they just finished, let's say
44:32as isolated
44:32of reality
44:33This is true
44:34He is also a legend
44:34Well, regarding the GDF
44:36This myth exists
44:37But the truth is
44:38It's just that if you look
44:39to the great geniuses
44:40Name me just one genius
44:42that he/she is a normal person
44:43I think they are terms
44:44incompatible
44:44Van Gogh
44:45or anyone
44:46Mozart
44:47or from any area
44:48of everything
44:48They're weird people.
44:49to be great
44:50You have to be weird.
44:51and the great champions
44:52They've been strange people
44:53Fischer himself
44:53in the end
44:54He ended up paranoid.
44:56but
44:57We have people
44:58like Kasparov
44:59which has also been
44:59a champion
45:00He is in dispute with Fischer
45:01the title
45:02best player
45:02of history
45:03is a person
45:03perfectly balanced
45:05from the outside
45:06clear
45:06when you meet him
45:07some more
45:07like me
45:07also
45:08you realize
45:09why
45:09He's a genius
45:11therefore
45:11I would say that
45:12any activity
45:13intellectual
45:14demanding
45:15that squeezes you dry
45:16like a lemon
45:18obviously
45:19can end
45:20taking its toll
45:21in that you are a person
45:22strange
45:22a weirdo
45:23which does not mean
45:24that you are necessarily
45:25crazy
45:25you were telling me
45:26that in the future
45:27not in the future
45:28I mean
45:28If I knew how to play chess
45:30Well
45:30We do it better with Santi
45:31maybe here
45:33between the two of us we could have
45:34Santi, a great champion
45:37It wouldn't be necessary
45:38nor board
45:39I mean really
45:39those of you who really know how to play
45:41You can play
45:42Never a truer word spoken
45:43with the mind
45:44E4
45:45I just left you
45:46of the opening
45:46king pawn
45:47dominating the center
45:47You could answer
45:49E6
45:49with the French defense
45:50that came out at the White House
45:51It's a board
45:528x8
45:53And if you've played
45:54the little boats
45:54surely
45:55many people
45:55learn about the game
45:56of the little boats
45:57from A to H
45:59and from 1 to 8
46:00Therefore we can identify
46:01the box
46:02clear the exit
46:03Yeah
46:03But when things start to get complicated
46:05when things start to get complicated
46:06the thing indeed
46:06It's a little more difficult
46:07But what impresses me
46:08It's not about running a game
46:09It's very easy to carry.
46:11but the record
46:12that currently
46:13if I'm not mistaken
46:14Miguel Neidos has it
46:15who died
46:15a long time ago
46:16great Argentine master
46:16who performed the prodigious feat
46:19in my opinion
46:19of playing 58 games at once
46:21then imagine
46:23to have your back turned
46:2458 boards
46:25and they tell you
46:26Table 1
46:27Don Miguel
46:27you who move
46:28Move the horse to F3
46:29Table 2
46:30table such
46:31and then
46:31turned around
46:33table 58
46:34and then table 1
46:35They respond to that move
46:36Table 2
46:37they answer him
46:38and he answered
46:38and playing 58
46:39There was an anecdote
46:41I think that
46:41I think it was a white coat
46:42But maybe
46:43I'm wrong
46:44from a great master
46:44who made a simultaneous
46:46I think 6 or 7 people
46:48and he wasn't looking at the boards
46:50and she also did it
46:51while dancing the waltz
46:52if Pillsbury
46:53Pillsbury played bridge
46:54I was reading the newspaper
46:55and did several things
46:57while playing
46:57against 20
46:58Now that's what I call mental power!
46:59and then he played separately
47:00also to the ladies
47:01at the same time
47:01He played several games of checkers
47:02my mother
47:03Chess has been used
47:05for artificial intelligence
47:07as a study tool
47:08and less
47:09but also
47:10as
47:11to discover
47:12the potential
47:12of the human brain
47:13because really
47:14sometimes
47:14some of the things
47:15that some chess players
47:17have been able to do
47:18cross the border
47:19of what is reasonable
47:21and therefore
47:23many times
47:24It has been discussed
47:24to enter
47:25in that universe
47:27Well
47:27so complicated
47:28and so difficult
47:29because there is a lot of ignorance
47:31of this discipline
47:31We could include Miguel
47:32saying that
47:33with chess
47:34We are at one of those limits
47:36in one of those lines
47:37sometimes
47:37where everything is now a mystery
47:38regarding the brain
47:39is the origin of chess
47:41gets lost in the night
47:41of the times
47:42and there still is
47:43some unknowns
47:44And there is a legend
47:45that says
47:46that they didn't invent it
47:47humans
47:49it's right
47:50on the edge
47:51and it still is
47:52at that limit
47:52for two thousand years
47:54arousing interest
47:55of scientists
47:55people from all over
47:56Einstein was a big fan
47:58that you mentioned earlier
47:59to Albert Einstein
47:59I played with
48:00with Lasker
48:01who was world champion
48:02Lasker refuted him
48:03the theory of relativity
48:04I told him that everything was wrong.
48:05and Einstein told him
48:07But how can you beat me?
48:07that easy
48:08to chess
48:08They had their give and take
48:10Of course
48:11the most handsome ecologist
48:12Miguel
48:14International Grandmaster
48:15and it must also be said
48:16teacher
48:16in the art of storytelling
48:17a story
48:18which is not easy
48:19to make it public
48:20and that we all feel
48:22Well, an attraction
48:22we have gotten closer
48:24to the limits
48:25of the human brain
48:26to mental strength
48:27through that wonderful board
48:29who knows
48:30where does it come from
48:30but of course
48:31Here it is
48:32and many people
48:33right now
48:33at this moment
48:34It will perhaps be online
48:36perhaps traveling
48:37distances in kilometers
48:39previously unthinkable
48:39with these challenges
48:41absolutely mental
48:42It has been a pleasure
48:43Santi, thank you very much.
48:44Thank you very much, Iker.
48:44and Miguel Ilescas
48:45really
48:46a pleasure
48:47We'll definitely talk about this again
48:49Thank you so much for your visit
48:50nothing to you
48:50Congratulations on the program
48:51And now let's look at some more images.
48:53images from Cuarto Milenio
49:03and we've left it for last
49:05two photos
49:07of those that deserve
49:08It's a big shame.
49:08of which you
49:09she likes
49:10The first is that
49:11in the end
49:12You only have to look at it.
49:13two shadows
49:14or silhouettes
49:15in a window
49:15she sent it to us
49:17Ana García
49:17obtained
49:18in the Pyrenees
49:19from Lleida
49:20There we have it.
49:21a place
49:22which also
49:23because it's visited a lot
49:25TRUE
49:25This year has been
49:26good snow year
49:27well, a lot of people
49:28has gone skiing
49:29But this place
49:30No
49:30because it's already a place
49:31abandoned
49:32previously
49:33It had ski slopes
49:34This was
49:35the hotel
49:36There are even some left
49:37the stores
49:38where they were rented
49:39the skis
49:40the sleds
49:41Of course, now that I look at it
49:42is disadvantaged
49:44Many windows are broken
49:45clear
49:46is abandoned
49:46Well, one of the friends
49:48from the television viewer
49:49who sent us the photograph
49:50had been there as a child
49:51here with his parents
49:52and well
49:52They approached the site
49:53to remember that childhood
49:55TRUE
49:55and that they met
49:56because they met
49:58and not there
49:59They saw them
49:59with this
50:01that we have
50:02in this window
50:03two silhouettes
50:04perfectly identifiable
50:06TRUE
50:06It reminds me of the orphanage
50:07or some movie
50:08of that type
50:08or to Windsor
50:09those ghostly silhouettes
50:11that never
50:11it was discovered
50:12who were they
50:13or to whom they belonged
50:15Let's see
50:16because we have
50:18further
50:19There they are
50:20the analyses
50:21spectacular
50:21They look like two children
50:22one bigger than the other
50:23or it seems that one is
50:24more crouched down
50:25and only the head is visible
50:26and from the other one can see
50:27up to mid-body
50:28The photography is excellent.
50:30Well, we don't know.
50:30It's great!
50:31But according to what they tell us
50:32There was absolutely nothing there
50:33nobody
50:34They didn't cross paths with anyone
50:36everything was
50:36abandoned
50:37They didn't see either
50:38that there were food scraps
50:40For example
50:40recent ones of someone
50:41that he could be seen taking refuge
50:43in this place
50:43Guillermo's analysis
50:45what they tell us
50:46that the only possibility
50:48that would
50:48to explain this photograph
50:50the thing is
50:51the same breaks
50:53of glass
50:53of the glass
50:54have done
50:55these figures
50:56which would be
50:57I don't know if it's stranger
50:58those two silhouettes there
51:00really
51:01that one of the photographs
51:03in the end
51:04like a book cover
51:05TRUE?
51:05to talk about presences
51:06disturbing
51:08disturbing is
51:08that for the moment
51:09we have no solution
51:10If anyone else
51:11Discover stories
51:12from this place
51:12We are waiting for them
51:14two directions
51:14key to this
51:15two ways of contact
51:16via email
51:184th Millennium
51:19at4.com
51:20and also
51:21the post office box
51:2218.189
51:23with the postal code
51:24from Madrid
51:2528,080
51:26thank you
51:26for always filling us
51:28the mailbox
51:29We appreciate it.
51:30lot
51:31by the way
51:32you were telling me
51:32that this photo
51:33We need to observe her
51:34with some deliberation
51:36because
51:37little by little
51:38because it has its own history
51:39which is becoming clear
51:40little by little
51:40Laura Pereira sent it
51:42from Uruguay
51:42Laura Pereira
51:44She lives
51:45in Barcelona
51:46but they move
51:47to Uruguay
51:47because one of his sisters
51:48She just gave birth
51:50This is exactly it.
51:51the hallway
51:52after leaving
51:52from the delivery room
51:54and in principle
51:55well it could be
51:56any photograph
51:57out of focus
51:57TRUE?
51:58we glimpse
51:59that there is someone lying down
52:00there in a bed
52:01or sitting
52:01but also
52:02No
52:03There's someone lying down here
52:04in bed
52:04We're looking at it
52:06but
52:06Let's see
52:08the strange silhouette
52:10because it will be identified
52:11perfectly
52:12besides
52:14with
52:14There we have
52:15a silhouette
52:16I'm going to enlarge it
52:17so that even
52:17to look a little better
52:19because it is precisely
52:20this part
52:21There it is
52:22She looks like an older woman.
52:24She looks like an older woman.
52:25TRUE?
52:25It also looks as if it were
52:27dressed the neck
52:28of what appears to be
52:29a jacket
52:29even
52:30a shirt
52:31something perhaps like a bow
52:32or the hair on
52:33Yeah
52:33Well, let's see.
52:35what kind of person could it be?
52:37There it is
52:37and it's a photograph
52:38that he has sent us
52:39her own granddaughter
52:41I would be
52:41the bad thing about this
52:43And I'm going to tell you
52:44the story
52:45It's just that this lady
52:46our grandmother
52:47viewer
52:48dies
52:48dies
52:49in 1980
52:50and this photo
52:52It is taken
52:52in the year 2008
52:54therefore
52:55It's impossible.
52:57that it may be
52:57her grandmother
52:58that it is
52:59fairly
52:59next to the stretcher
53:01as if embracing
53:02to her other granddaughter
53:03TRUE?
53:03but the analyses
53:04from Guillermo
53:05he tells us
53:05which is what fits
53:06perfectly
53:07that the silhouette
53:08that everything
53:09it's identical
53:10as it was
53:11her deceased grandmother
53:12they too
53:13they want to think
53:14And it's beautiful.
53:15that at that moment
53:16so cheerful
53:16for the whole family
53:17such as the one from
53:18integrate a new life
53:19to that family
53:21because I also wanted to be there
53:22This woman
53:23a story
53:25truly
53:26curious
53:27and it also looks
53:27which is not a reflection
53:29because if we see
53:29the contrasts
53:31apparently
53:32there is a silhouette
53:33physics
53:34and there was nothing there
53:35absolutely
53:35nobody
53:37What a day!
53:38Wow, those two photographs!
53:39It was worth it
53:40stay
53:40until now
53:41to observe
53:42two of those
53:42which remain
53:43a challenge
53:44we certainly
53:45We will continue
53:46from challenge to challenge
53:47Never a truer word spoken
53:48and as has been seen
53:49tonight
53:50on the mystery ship
53:51telling stories
53:52that almost no one talks about
53:53some of them
53:54serious
53:55some of them
53:56that if we are brave
53:58They make us reflect
53:59about what we know
54:00what they leave us
54:01as far as we know
54:02and deep down
54:04the enormous ignorance
54:05in which we live
54:06That already makes us feel
54:07humble
54:08before the great mystery
54:09of everyday reality
54:10within Siterías
54:12a lot more
54:12Here as always
54:13on Fourth Millennium
54:57on Fourth Millennium
55:14on Fourth Millennium
55:17on Fourth Millennium